GI Flashcards
1
Q
Causes of acute pancreatitis
A
GET SMASHED
- gallstones
- ethanol
- trauma
- steroids
- mumps (other viruses such as coxsackie B)
- autoimmune (e.g. polyarteritis nodosa)
- scorpion venom
- Hypertriglyceridaemia, Hyperchylomicronaemia, Hypercalcaemia, Hypothermia
- ERCP
- Drugs (azathioprine, mesalazine*, didanosine, bendroflumethiazide, furosemide, pentamidine, steroids, sodium valproate)
2
Q
Ascending cholangitis Chariot’s triad Reynod’s pentad Common causative organism Management
A
- RUQ pain, fever and jaundice
- hypotension and confusion as well as ^^
- E.coli
- IV antibiotics and ERCP after 24-48 hours to relieve any obstruction
3
Q
Gold standard investigation for Boerhaave’s syndrome
A
CT contrast swallow
4
Q
Biliary colic
Risk factors
A
4 F’s
- fat: increased cholesterol synthesis
- female: increased oestrogen
- fertile: pregnancy is a big risk factor
- fort: age>
5
Q
Gold standard Ix for chronic pancreatitis
A
CT pancreas with intravenous contrast
* faecal elastase may be used to assess exocrine function if imaging inconclusive
