GI 1 Flashcards
1 cause of esophagitis
GERD
Barretts esophagus
metaplasia of lower esophagus (strat squamous change to columnar w/goblet cells), typically adenocarcinoma from GERD
MC GI cancer
adenocarcinoma
Mallory-Weiss Syndrome
longitudinal tears at gastric junction, presents w/hematemesis
How are esophageal varices developed?
portal HTN, asymptomatic till rupture where 40% die, tx w/propranolol
benign tumor of esophagus
leiomyoma
esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
5 year survival rate, 70% within one year
parietal cells
secrete HCl and intrinsic factor (help absorb B12)
chief cells
secrete pepsin
G cells
secrete gastrin, which stimulates secretino of gastric acid by parietal cells
hematemesis vs
melena
vomiting of blood, commonly from PUD
dark, digested blood
MCC of upper esophageal disease
peptic ulcer disease
gastric ulcer vs
duodenal ulcer
pain with food
pain goes away after eating bc of bicarb
how can NSAIDS cause PUD
block prostaglandins
benign gastric tumors
polyps
leiomyomas
Hirschsprung disease
aka toxic megacolon
transmural ischemic bowel disease complaints
- sudden pain out of proportion to physical signs
- bloody diarrhea
- abdominal pain after eating
true vs false diverticula
true contain all 3 layers of bowel
false only contains serosa and mucosal layer
MCC of SBO
LBO
adhesions from prior sx
mass
Celiac disease
genetic susceptibility HLA-DQ2
MC inflammatory bowel disease
-ulcerative colitis
large intestine, continuous ulcers
blood mucoid diarrhea
primary sclerosing cholangitis
Chrohns disease
transmural, affects entire GI tract
can get granulomas
skip/cobblestone appearance
macrocytic anemia (B12)
