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Renal Phys > GFR & RBF > Flashcards

GFR & RBF Flashcards

1
Q

step 1 in forming urine: blood arrives in ____ via ____ artery; ____ arteries are used for filtration

A

kidney
renal artery
interlobar arteries

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2
Q

step 2 in forming urine: blood is delivered to _____ via ______ arteriole

A

renal corpuscle

afferent arteriole

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3
Q

renal corpuscle = ____ + ____

A

glomerulus + bowman’s capsule

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4
Q

step 3 in forming urine: ____, ____, ___ & _____ are all filtered out; ____ & ____ DO NOT FILTER OUT

A 
electrolytes
nutrients
waste products
water
RBC & plasma proteins
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5
Q

filtration works because of the pressure differentials btwn fluid in _____ and _____

A

glomerulus

bowman’s capsule

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6
Q

some things filter out of GFR/ RBF and others do not because of:

A

pore size

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7
Q

3 layers of glomerular capillary membrane

A

endothelium
basement membrane
epithelial cell layer

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8
Q

layer of glomerular capillary membrane that contains several thousand small holes (fenestrae); relatively large and NEGATIVELY charged

A

endothelium

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9
Q

layer of glomerular capillary membrane that is a meshwork of proteoglycan fibrillar and collagen (that allows for flow of lots of water and small solutes to pass)

A

basement membrane

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10
Q

layer of glomerular capillary membrane that is NOT a continuous layer, podocytes line outer surface of glomerulus; contains SLIT PORES

A

epithelium

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11
Q

long foot-like projections that encircle capillaries

A

slit pores

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12
Q

body manages changes in pressure in glomerulus and bowman’s capsule with the ______ & ____ arterioles that control ______ muscle

A

afferent & efferent arterioles

smooth muscle

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13
Q

the volume ofblood plasmadelivered to the kidneys per unit time, usually expressed in ml/min

A

RPF (Renal Plasma Flow)

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14
Q

the proportion of the fluid reaching the kidneys which passes into therenal tubules

A

FF (Filtration Fraction)

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15
Q

typical FF is ___ %
typical RPF is ____ mL/min
therefore, typical GFR is ____ mL/min

A

20%
550 mL/min
110 mL/min

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16
Q

How can the body increase GFR

A 
By altering Renal Plasma Flow (RPF)
Increase overall cardiac output
Dilate afferent arterioles in the Kidney
By altering the Filtration Fraction (FF)
Contract efferent arteriole, increasing glomerular pressure
17
Q

capillary filtration coefficient is determined with ___ & ___ of capillary

A

permeability

surface area

18
Q

For GFR, Net filtration pressure =

A

Glomerular hydrostatic pressure - Bowman’s capsule pressure - Glomerular oncotic pressure (plasma proteins) + Bowman’s capsule oncotic pressure (proteins in bowman’s capsule)

19
Q

Forces that favor filtration (mm Hg) include:

A

Glomerular hydrostatic pressure (60mmHg)

Bowman’s capsule colloid osmotic pressure(0mmHg)

20
Q

Typical Net filtration pressure=

A

10 mmHg

60-18-32+0

21
Q

decrease in Kf (capillary filtration rate) –> ____ in GFR

A

decrease in GFR

22
Q

INCREASE in pressure of bowman’s capsule –> _____ GFR

A

decrease in GFR

23
Q

INCREASE Glomerular colloid osmotic pressure –> ____ GFR

A

decrease in GFR

24
Q

DECREASE Glomerular hydrostatic pressure –> ____ GFR

A

decrease in GFR

25
Q

INCREASE arterial pressure –> ____ GFR

A

increase GFR

26
Q

strong sympathetic activation –> ____ GFR

A

DECREASE

27
Q

Epinephrine & Norepinephrine ______afferent and efferent arterioles –> ____GFR

A

constrict

decrease

28
Q

_____ is released by damaged vascular endothelial cells of the kidney & other tissues and causes ____ & ____ GFR

A

endothelin
vasoconstriction
decrease

29
Q

angiotension II is a powerful _____ and ____ GFR; endothelial-derived nitric oxide maintains ____

A

vasoconstrictor
maintains GFR
vasoDILATION (of kidneys)

30
Q

prostaglandins and bradykinin are ______ and ____ renal blood flow and GFR

A

vasoDILATORS

increase

31
Q

The ability of the individual blood vessels in the body to resist stretching during increased arterial pressure

A

myogenic mechanism

32
Q

For some solutes,

excretion rate = filtration rate - reabsorption rate, means:

A

Excretion rate is less than filtration rate of a substance (under normal conditions)

Example:
Many electrolytes

33
Q

If excretion rate = 0, then, ___ excretion in the urine, all of the substance is reabsorbed from the tubules into the blood

A

NO

34
Q

For some solutes,

Excretion rate= filtration rate + secretion rate, means:

A

Allows for rapid clearing of the substance from the system
Excretion in large amounts in the urine (under normal conditions)
Examples:
Organic acids & bases, foreign substances and drugs

Renal Phys (4 decks)

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