Germany and occupied territories WW2 Flashcards
What is a genocide?
The deliberate killing of people of a particular nation or ethnic group
Where were Jews forced to move into?
Ghettos
What were the conditions like in the ghettos?
Poor housing, starving was common, overcrowding meant diseases like typhus spread quickly
Between 1941 and 1942, how many Jews dies in the Warsaw Ghetto?
4,000 from disease and starvation
Where did Germany invade in 1941 and what was the invasion called?
Soviet Union, Operation Barbarossa
Give an example of a death squad
Einsatzgruppen
How many people had the Einsatzgruppen killed by 1943?
An estimated 1.2 million.
What year was the Final Solution?
1941
What was decided at the Wannsee conference in 1942?
Some of the concentration camps would be converted to extermination camps
What method did the Nazis use for mass killing in the camps?
poison gas
What prevented the German people reacting negatively to what was happening?
Propaganda films were made to show resettlement camps were no more than labour camps where people were treated well.
What happened in Warsaw in 1943?
The Warsaw Ghetto uprising. After a month of fighting, 56 Jews were arrested, 7,000 were shot and the rest were sent to camps.
What did the Nazis do when it was clear they were not going to win the war?
Hide the evidence by digging up railway lines and destroying some records.
Who was Rudolph Hoess and what happened to him?
He was the commander of the Auschwitz camp and hanged for war crimes in 1947.
When was rationing introduced in Germany?
1939
What was KLV (Kinderlandverschickung)?
Evacuating German children into rural areas due to bombing campaigns
How much bread were you entitled to under rationing?
Half a loaf day
How many German soldiers died in Operation Barbarossa?
2 million
What was the scorched earth policy the Soviets used during Operation Barbarossa?
Burning or destroying crops that may have been useful to an invading enemy force.
What did Goebbels announce in Germany in 1943?
Total War
What were some of the measures Germany took during total war?
Russian prisoners of war were used for slave labour, women wee allowed to help the war effort, working week increased to 60 hours, ban on holidays
When did the British RAF carry out bombing attacks on German cities?
Aug 1940
Give an example of how Allied bombing impacted war production
When the Ruhr valley was bombed, it’ s thought to have reduced metal production by approximately 40%.
Identify 2 impacts the war had on women
Those aged 17-45 had to register for work and there was a psychological impact worrying about their husbands and sons.
Identify 4 resistance groups in Nazi Germany
Communists, Swing Youth, Edelweiss Pirates, White Rose Group
What happened to Sophie Scholl?
She was executed by the guillotine in 1943
What was the Volkssturm?
Home guard formed to protect Germany from invasion
Who planted the bomb that was supposed to kill Hitler in July 1944?
Von Stauffenberg
When did Hitler commit suicide?
April 1945
When did Germany surrender?
May 1945
