Germany Flashcards
Which German wine region is NOT in EU Climatic zone A?
Baden in Southern Germany
What is Deutscher Tafelwein?
The lowest classification of German table wine. One of four designated regions, must state region of production on the label
What is Landwein?
Equivalent of the French Vin de Pays system. Seventeen areas that must be displayed on the label. The wine must be trocken or halbtrocken
How much German wine is Deutscher Tafelwein or Landwein?
Just 5% of the total German production comes from Deutscher Tafelwein or Landwein.
What are the two categories of QWPSR (Quality Wine produces within a specific region)?
Qualitätswein bestimmter Anbaugebeite (QbA) + Prädikatswein (QbP)
What is Qualitätswein bestimmter Anbaugebiete (QbA)?
A category of QWPSR (Quality wine produced within a specific region).
Wine produced from 13 Anbaugebiete with blending from other regions forbidden. Label must state the region plus the style of wine. Chapitalisation (where the final alcoholic strength of a wine is increased by the addition of sugar to the grape juice or must) is permitted.
What is Prädikatswein?
A category of QWPSR (Quality wine produced within a specific region) with special attributes. From the 13 Anbaugebiete and from a single Bereich (district) within the Anbaugebiete. Chapitalisation is not allowed but sweetening with süssreserve is permitted. Wines are further classified on the amount of sugar the must (not finished wine) contains.
What have been the biggest historical impacts on German wine?
- Wine country since roman times.
- French Revolution - last 1800s saw German wine regions falling to the French - then subject to Napoleonic inheritance laws, average holding now 1.3ha and Co-Ops important.
- Depression in early 1900a saw a decline in vineyard area
- Disease and pests (Downey Mildew & Phylloxera
- Wars (WWII) had an extreme negative impact on exports
- Flubereinigung - 1950s restructure
- 1971 wine laws value must weight as quality
- Rise of Leibfraumilch
- move towards terroir and dry styles - Classic, Selection, Grosses Gewächs
What is an Einzellage?
German wine term for an individual vineyard site, similar in classification to a French premier cru or grand cru. Quality of these wines is very high with individual vineyard nuances.
What is a Grosslage?
German wine term for a group of adjoining vineyards. Groupings can be misleading. Often named after the top village in the group, leading to some excellent reputation vineyards being grouped with some vineyards producing substantially more average wine.
What is a Bereich?
A German wine term for a group of several communes within a quality region. One or more within a region. Can be confusing as a town can give its name to a Bereich, Grosslage or an Einzellage.
What is an Anbaugebiet?
A German wine term for a quality region of which there are 13. 85% of the wine must come from the specified region of a Bereich, Grosslage or Einzellage is specified on the label.
Examples are Mosel, Rheinhessen, Rheingau and Pfalz
What are the 13 Quality Wine Regions (Anbaugebeite) in Germany?
- Mosel
- Nahe
- Rheingau
- Rhienhessen
- Pfalz
- Baden
- Ahr
- Mittelrhein
- Hessische Bergstrasse
- Franken
- Württemburg
- Sachen
- Saale-Unstrut
What are the six different styles of Prädikatswein?
- Kabinett
- Spätlese
- Auslese
- Beerenauslese (BA)
- Eiswein
- Trockenbeerenauslese (TBA)
What is a Kabinett?
A style of German Prädikatswein.
It is a delicate Riesling, light bodied, crisp acidity and flavours of green apple or citrus fruit.
It is the lightest must weight, can be dry through to medium sweetness
What is a Spätlese?
A style of German Prädikatswein.
A late harvest wine with more body, concentration and robust flavours than Kabinett.
Grapes are picked with a higher level of sugar than Kabinett.
Finished wine of similar sweetness to Kabinett - dry through to medium sweetness.
What is Auslese?
A style of German Prädikatswein.
Hand selected bunches of extra ripe grapes.
Large range of styles produced, off dry through to sweet.
Harvested at the same time as Kabinett and Spätlese, but separated in the vineyard for special treatment.
What is Beerenauslese (BA)?
A style of German Prädikatswein.
Made from individually selected grapes affected with noble rot. The sweet wine produced is rare and expensive.
What does BA stand for in relation to German wine?
Beerenauslese
A style of Prädikatswein made from individually selected grapes affected with noble rot.
What does QWPSR stand for in relation to German wine?
Quality Wine Produced Within a Specific Region
What does QbA stand for in relation to German wine?
Qualitätswein bestimmter Anbaugebiete QbA
A category of QWPSR (Quality Wine produces within a specific region)
Wine produced from 13 Anbaugebiete with blending from other regions forbidden. Label must state the region plus the style of the wine
Liebfraumilch is a QbA
What is the minimum must weight /potential alcohol for a Kabinett Riesling in Mosel?
67• Oechsle / 8.6%
What is the Oechsle / minimum potential alcohol for a Spätlese Riesling from the Mosel?
76 Oechsle / 10% abv
What is the minimum Oechsle / potential alcohol for a Auslese Riesling from Mosel?
83 Oechsle / 11.1%
What is the minimum Oechsle / potential alcohol for a Beerenauslese from Mosel?
110 Oechsle / 15.3%
The same as Eiswein but Eiswein is produced from naturally frozen grapes
What is the minimum Oechsle / potential alcohol for a Eiswein from Mosel?
110 Oechsle / 15.3% abv
The same as for a Beerenauslese
What is the minimum Oechsle / potential alcohol for a Trockenbeerenauslese from Mosel?
150 Oechsle/ 21.5%
What is the minimum Oechsle / potential alcohol for a Kabinett Spätburgunder from Baden?
85 Oechsle /11.4%
What is the minimum Oechsle / potential alcohol for a Spätlese Spätburgunder from Baden?
95 Oechsle /13%
What is the minimum Oechsle / potential alcohol for an Auslese Spätburgunder from Baden?
105 Oechsle / 14.5%
What is the minimum Oechsle / potential alcohol for a Beerenauslese Spätburgunder from Baden?
128 Oechsle / 18.1%
The same for Eiswein
What is the minimum Oechsle / potential alcohol for a Trockenbeerenauslese Spätburgunder from Baden?
154 Oechsle / 22.1%
What is an Eiswein?
A German style of Prädikatswein.
Usually equivalent sugar levels to Beerenauslese.
Grapes picked at temperatures lower than -8C which freezes the water in the grapes, concentrating the sugars. Ice crystals subsequently removed at pressing.
What is a Trockenbeerenauslese (TBA)?
A German style of Prädikatswein.
Rare and expensive. Minute quantities are produced from individually selected grapes affected by a high degree of noble rot that have become shrivelled. Minimum potential alcohol of 21.5% but will be balanced by high levels of acidity.
What does the term ‘Classic’ mean in relation to German wine?
Wine from a specific region, must weight 1% abv higher than minimum for a particular variety and category. At least 12% (or 11.5% in the Mosel) alcohol with a maximum of 15g/L residual sugar.
Region, variety and the word ‘Classic’ must appear on the label. Trocken and Halbtrocken are not permitted on the label.
What does the term ‘Selection’ mean in relation to German wine?
Grapes must come from an Einzellage (individual vineyard site).
Must weight of at least 90• Oechsle or Auslese levels of ripeness.
60 hl/ha maximum yield
Must be hand harvested
Maximum 12g/L residual sugar
Region, variety, vintage and the word ‘Selection’ must appear on the label
Trocken and Halbtrocken are not permitted on the label
What does Liebfraumilch mean on a label?
A German wine produced only in Rheinhessen, Pfalz, Rheingau or Nahe.
Rhienhessen and Pfalz the most important producers.
Blending across the region not permitted.
Must contain at least 18g/L residual sugar and be of QbA quality
Label states the region of production only
What is Riesling Hochgewächs?
A German wine term for a QbA Riesling with a must weight of at least 10• Oechsle above the minimum for QbA
What does VDP stand for in relation to German wine?
Verband Deustscher Prädikatsweingüter (VDP) the most influential and prestigious German grower’ association incorporating 200 of the finest wine estates in Germany
What is Verband Deutscher Prädikatsweingüter (VDP)?
It is the most influential and prestigious German wine growers association representing the top 200 estates.
Members represent only 3.5% of Germany’s total vineyard area but a remarkable proportion of its finest wines.
What 6 things must members do to be part of German’s VDP?
- Members must have holdings in the top vineyard sites
- produce lower yields and higher must weights than is required by German law 3. plant at least 80% of their vineyards with varieties traditionally associated with their region
- practice environmentally sound methods
- submit to regular inspections (at least every 5 years).
- Members labels must carry the VDP name and logo, an eagle and grape cluster.
What is a Grosse Lage in relation to German wine?
A German equivalent to a Grand Cru.
It is a four tiered alternative terroir driven classification for top white and red dry wines Created by the VDP, top growers association.
Gross Lage (Grand Cru)
Erste Lage ( Premier Cru)
Ortswein (Village wine)
Gutswein (Estate wine)
What is an Erste Lage, in relation to German wine?
A German equivalent to a Premier Cru.
It is a four tiered alternative terroir driven classification for top white and red dry wines Created by the VDP, top growers association.
Gross Lage (Grand Cru)
Erste Lage ( Premier Cru)
Ortswein (Village wine)
Gutswein (Estate wine)
What is an Ortswein in relation to German wine?
A German equivalent to a Village wine.
It is a four tiered alternative terroir driven classification for top white and red dry wines Created by the VDP, top growers association.
Gross Lage (Grand Cru)
Erste Lage ( Premier Cru)
Ortswein (Village wine)
Gutswein (Estate wine)
What is a Gutswein in relation to German wine?
A German equivalent to an estate wine.
It is a four tiered alternative terroir driven classification for top white and red dry wines Created by the VDP, top growers association.
Gross Lage (Grand Cru)
Erste Lage ( Premier Cru)
Ortswein (Village wine)
Gutswein (Estate wine)
What is a Grosses Gewächs in relation to German wine?
A dry wine of a Grosse Lage (Grand Cru) and labelled Qualitätswein trocken.
It is a four tiered alternative terroir driven classification for top white and red dry wines Created by the VDP, top growers association.
Gross Lage (Grand Cru)
Erste Lage ( Premier Cru)
Ortswein (Village wine)
Gutswein (Estate wine)