Germany Flashcards
Advanced Studies on Germany
1
Q
Cistercians arrived from ______ to establish Kloster Eberbach in ______ (year).
A
- Burgundy
2. 1136
2
Q
In 1775, ______ announced the first planned Spätlese harvest of botrytis-affected fruit.
A
Schloss Johannisberg
3
Q
In what year was Germany’s first sparkling wine made?
A
1826
4
Q
In what year was Germany’s reunification?
Bonus: Name the two Anbaugebiete that were added.
A
1990
Bonus: Sachsen and Saale-Unstrut
5
Q
Who introduced Riesling cultivation to Germany?
A
Cistercians
6
Q
When did Spätburgunder first appear in Germany?
A
Late 800s
Bonus: in Baden
7
Q
What is Frühburgunder?
A
A natural mutation genetically identical to Pinot Noir
- Rare specialty of Germany
- Thicker-skinned than Pinot Noir
- Darker in color and lower acidity than Pinot Noir
- Known as Pinot Noir Précoce and, historically, Pinot Madeleine in France
8
Q
Müller-Thurgau is a crossing of ______ x ______.
A
Riesling x Madeleine Royale
- First obtained by Swiss Dr. Hermann Müller at the Geisenheim Grape Breeding Institute in 1882
- Early ripening, high yielding
- Became an important component of Liebfraumilch
- Germany’s leading grape variety in 1969
9
Q
Silvaner is a crossing of ______ x ______.
A
Traminer x Österreichisch-Weiss
- Austrian in origin
- First arrived in Franken in the mid-17th century
- Most planted grape variety in Germany until Müller-Thurgau
- There are 4 broad types of the variety:
- Grüner: green
- Blauer: blue
- Roter: red
- Gelber: yellow
10
Q
Scheurebe is a crossing of ______ x ______.
A
Riesling x Bukettrebe
- Developed in Rheinhessen (at Alzey) in 1916
- Named for the grape breeder Georg Scheu
- Very good quality dry and sweet versions
- Most successful in Rheinhessen and Pfalz
- Offers some pungently aromatic, thiol-based aromas of Sauvignon Blanc
11
Q
Dornfelder is a crossing of ______ x ______.
A
Helfensteiner x Heroldrebe
- Developed by August Herold in 1956
- Named after a founder of the Weinsberg Viticulture School, August Dornfeld
- 2nd-most planted red grape in Germany
- Darker, fuller style of wine than Spätburgunder
12
Q
What is Ruländer?
A
Sweet, botrytized Grauburgunder is produced as Ruländer
13
Q
Who is the world’s leading grower of Pinot Blanc?
A
Germany
*Strongholds are Baden and Pfalz
14
Q
In which Anbaugebiet is Lemberger most cultivated?
A
Württemberg
*Lemberger = Blaufränkisch
15
Q
Schwarzriesling is grown almost exclusively in which Anbaugebiet?
A
Württemberg
*Schwarzriesling = Meunier
16
Q
Trollinger is grown almost exclusively in which Anbaugebiet?
A
Württemberg
*Trollinger = Schiava
17
Q
Where is the Stein vineyard located and what are the two most planted grapes?
A
- Würzburg
- Riesling and Silvaner
- 85 ha vineyard
- Produces some of Franken’s top examples of Riesling and Silvaner with a touch of smokiness
- On a warm, south-facing limestone and loess slope
18
Q
What is “hock”?
A
A term for wines from the Middle Rhine
*Expanded to a generic term for German wines
19
Q
What is Amtliche Prüfungsnummer?
A
A.P. number / “Official exam number”
- A certification that debuted with the 1971 wine law
- Each number consists of 5 sets of digits
1. Location of the examination board
2. Village in which the wine was produced
3. Producer
4. Unique number of the bottling
5. Year in which the wine was tested
*All Qualitätswein and Prädikatswein must carry an A.P. number
20
Q
What does feinherb mean?
A
Slightly off-dry
21
Q
What is kalkstein?
A
Limestone
22
Q
What is blauen schiefer?
A
Blue slate
23
Q
What is buntsandstein?
A
Red sandstone
24
Q
What is the size of a stück, doppelstück, and halbstück?
A
Halbstück: 600 liters
Stück: 1,200 liters
Doppelstück: 2,400 liters
25
Define schloss and kloster.
Schloss: castle
Kloster: abbey
26
What is rotliegendes?
Red sandstone
27
What is muschelkalk?
Shell-limestone
28
What is Schillerwein?
A specialty rosé of Württemberg
29
True or False: The VDP has members from all 13 Anbaugebiete.
True
30
The VDP was founded in 1910 as the ______.
VDNV
Verband Deutscher Naturweinversteigerer
*1971 law banned the use of the term Natur
31
What are the 4 categories of origin of VDP wines (for 2011 vintage and on)?
```
Gutswein: regional tier
Ortswein: village tier
Erste Lage: premier cru vineyards
Grosse Lage: grand cru vineyards
*Grosse Lage: trocken is not used on labels, Grosses Gewächs in used instead
```
32
Is chaptalization allowed in VDP wines?
Yes
*Not in the original Natur wines
33
What is the maximum yield of each Gutswein, Ortswein, Erste Lage, and Grosse Lage?
Gutswein: 75 hl/ha
Ortswein: 75 hl/ha
Erste Lage: 60 hl/ha
Grosse Lage: 50 hl/ha
34
Who was the first German to make sparkling wine?
Florenz-Ludwig Heidsieck
*1785 in Champagne
35
Who is Vulker Raumland?
Leader in the movement of using Riesling and Spätburgunder to improve sparkling wine quality
- Founded Germany's first winery focusing only on sparkling wines
*From Rheinhessen
36
The ______ parallel runs directly through Rheingau.
50th
37
What are the main grapes grown in the Rheingau?
Riesling (2,494 ha) and Spätburgunder (385 ha)
38
Name the Bereich(e) of Rheingau.
Johannisberg
39
Where is Assmannshausen located?
Rheingau
* The western Rheingau
* It is a red wine commune
40
One what river valley is the Maingau located?
Main River valley
*The Main River is a small tributary of the Rhine
41
What is the main river of the Rheingau?
Rhine River
42
The Grosse Lage site ______ claims the Rheingau's steepest slopes.
Berg Schlossberg
* Reaches 70% grade
* Located in Rüdesheim, in the central Rheingau
43
What type(s) of soil is found in the Rheingau?
- Loess-covered loams and marls (Maingau)
- Purer slate soils (western Rheingau)
- Mixture of slate, quartzite, and sandstone, with layers of loess and clay on the lower slopes, more eroded soils on the upper slopes with a higher proportion of slate (central Rheingau)
44
What is the longest tributary of the Rhine?
Mosel
* 545 meters long
* Begins in the Vosges Mountains in France, home of the Moselle AOP
45
Mosel sits on the ______ parallel.
50th
46
The typical growing season of Mosel is about ______ days.
100
47
What are the main grape varieties grown in Mosel?
Riesling, Spätburgunder, Müller-Thurgau, Elbing
*Mosel was for many years Europe's largest cultivator of Riesling; it was overtaken by Pfalz in the mid-2000s
48
Name the bereich(e) of Mosel.
Bernkastel (the middle Mosel), Burg Cochem (the lower Mosel), Obermosel (the upper Mosel), Ruwertal, Saar, Moseltor
49
Zeltingen, Ürzig, and Erden are major villages of ______.
Bernkastel
50
What are the major villages of Burg Cochem?
Winningnen, Kober-Gondorf, Hatzenport, Cochem, Bremm, Zell
*slopes are extremely steep here, grades easily reach 70% or more
51
What type(s) of soil is found in the upper, middle, and lower Mosel?
Upper: Calcareous soil
Middle: Devonian slate
Lower: Devonian slate
52
Elbling is the main grape of which Bereich of Mosel?
Obermosel
*Elbling is an ancient white grape that produces simple, fruity whites and refreshing sparkling wines
53
What type(s) of soil is found in Moseltor?
Limestone
54
What is Germany's largest Anbaugebiet?
Rheinhessen
55
Message in a Bottle is an organization of young producers in which region?
Rheinhessen
56
Name the Bereiche of Rheinhessen?
Nierstein, Bingen, Wonnegau
57
______ was the most expensive wine aboard the Titanic.
Niersteiner Riesling
58
Some of the best dry Riesling in the world comes from the limestone and loess soils in the Rheinhessen Bereich of ______.
Wonnegau
59
What is the main soil type(s) of Pfalz?
Red sandstone
* Also
- Layers of Basalt
- Calcareous deposits formed limestone and shell-limestone
- Sand, gravel, and loess from water, wind, and erosion
60
True or False: There is more Riesling in Pfalz than in Alsace.
True
61
Which 3 grapes grown in Pfalz are authorized for VDP Grosse Lage bottlings?
Riesling, Spätburgunder, Weissburgunder
62
Name the Bereiche of Pfalz.
Mittelhaardt-Deutsche Weinstrasse and Südliche Weinstrasse
63
What is the main river of Franken?
Main River
*A small tributary of the Rhine
64
What is the main soil type(s) of Franken?
Weathered red sandstone (Mainviereck)
Shell-limestone (Maindreieck)
Loess
65
Name the main grapes of Franken.
Müller-Thurgau, Silvaner, Bacchus, Riesling, Spätburgunder, Weissburgunder
66
Name the Bereiche of Franken.
Mainviereck, Maindreieck, Steigerwald
67
What is the main river of the Nahe?
Nahe River
* Tributary of the Rhine
* Most vineyards are cultivated in the river valleys
* Best vineyards are generally located along the course of the Nahe River, but there are hidden pockets of great vineyards in the smaller valleys of its northern tributaries
68
Name the forest that forms Nahe's natural western border.
Hunsruck Hochwald highland forest
* Separates Nahe from the Mosel Valley
* Wooded mountains in the north and west of Nahe protect from wind and weather
69
Which Anbaugebiet has Germany's driest wine growing climate?
Nahe
70
What type(s) of soil is found in Nahe?
Slate, volcanic, limestone, schist
71
Name the Bereiche of Nahe.
Nahetal
72
Which part of Nahe is heavier with clay and loess?
Lower Nahe
*From Laubenheim northward, soil shifts to slate and quartzite
73
Which Anbaugebiet lies between the Rhine River and the Black Forest?
Baden
74
Name the Bereiche of Baden.
Badische-Bergstrasse, Kraichgau, Ortenau, Breisgau, Kaiserstuhl, Tuniberg, Markgräflerland, Bodensee, Tauberfranken
75
What is the main river of Württemberg?
Neckar River
* Major tributary of the Rhine River
* Tributaries: Kocher, Jagst, Tauber, Rems
76
What are the main grapes of Württemberg?
Trollinger (Schiava), Lemberger (Blaufränkisch), Schwarzriesling (Meunier), Riesling, Spätburgunder
77
Schillerwein is a specialized style of rosé unique to ______ (Anbaugebiet).
Württemberg
* Allows blending to create the rosé
* Was, historically, composed of a field blend of red and white gapes crushed and fermented together
* Today, red and white lots are blended prior to fermentation to achieve the bright rosy color
* Typically light, trocken or halbtrocken, and contains 11-12.5% finished alcohol
78
Name the Bereiche of Württemberg.
Remstal-Stuttgart, Württembergisch Unterland, Württembergisch Bodensee, Bayerischer Bodensee, Kocher-Jagst-Tauber, Oberer Neckar
79
______ (Anbaugebiet) has the highest drinking per capita in Germany.
Württemberg
80
What is the main river of the Ahr?
Ahr River
*The river is too small and removed to have a big impact on the vine
81
What is the main soil type(s) of the Ahr?
Slate
* The dark slate soils store heat
* Upper Ahr: nearly pure slate
* Lower Ahr: more basalt-derived clay and sand atop dark slate
82
What are the main grapes of the Ahr?
Spätburgunder, Frühburgunder, Riesling, Portugieser
* The Ahr is one of the country's best spots for Spätburgunder
* Top Ahr Spätburgunder producers:
- Jean Stodden
- Meyer-Näkel
- J.J. Adeneuer
* Frühburgunder is ready for harvest about 2 weeks ahead of Spätburgunder
83
Guyot training replaced the traditional ______ system, providing more sun exposure in the Ahr.
Single-post
84
What is the main river of the Mittelrhein?
Rhine River
85
Name the Bereiche of the Mittelrhein.
Loreley, Siebengebirge
* These divide the Mittelrhein into northern and southern sectors
* Majority of vineyards and all Grosse Lage sites are located in the southern Bereich of Loreley
* Siebengebirge is a cluster of uplifted hills of volcanic origin southeast of Bonn
- Fewer than two dozen hectares of vines remain under cultivation in this Bereich
86
What type(s) of soil is found in Mittelrhein?
Devonian slate
87
What are the main grapes grown in the Mittelrhein?
Riesling (most planted), Müller-Thurgau, Spätburgunder
*Most Riesling producers are interested in trocken and halbtrocken wines
88
What is the main river of Hessische-Bergstrasse?
Rhine River
89
Name the Bereiche of Hessische-Bergstrasse.
Starkenburg, Umstadt
90
What is the main river associated with Sachsen and Saale-Unstrut?
Elbe River
91
Name the Bereiche of Sachsen.
Meissen, Elstertal
92
Name the Bereiche of Saale-Unstrut.
Schloss Neuenburg, Thüringen, Maisfelder Seen
93
Kloster Eberbach began marking high quality wines as Cabinet in ______ (year).
1712
94
Schlossgut Diel is a reigning producer of the ______ (Anbaugebiet).
Nahe
*The Lower Nahe
95
Tafelwein is now known as ______.
Wein
96
True/False: All VDP wines must be estate-grown.
True
97
Who are the biggest consumers of sparkling wine per capita?
Germans
98
Most Sekt is ______ (sweetness level).
Brut
*A handful of producers are making well-balanced brut nature wines
99
Who introduced Pinot Noir cultivation in Germany?
Cistercians
100
Rudolf Fürst is a top name for ______ (grape) in Franken.
Spätburgunder
101
Bassermann-Jordan, von Winning, and von Buhl are major producers of the ______ (name the village).
Deidesheim, Mittelhaardt-Deutsche Weinstrasse, Pfalz
102
Pfeffingen – Fuhrmann-Eymael is a major producer of ______ (name the village), the biggest wine commune in Germany.
Bad Dürkheim
*has 809 ha of vineyard
103
What is Hochgewächs?
For wines meeting higher standards than the standards set for QBA, but not qualifying for Prädikat.
*not often used today
104
Who is Vulker Raumland?
A leader in the movement of using Riesling and Spätburgunder to improve sparkling wine quality
* Founded Germany's first winery focusing only on sparkling wines
* From Rheinhessen
105
Where is the Stein vineyard located and what are the two most planted grapes?
1. Würzburg
2. Riesling and Silvaner
*Produces some of Franken's top examples of Riesling and Silvaner, with a touch of smokiness
106
Kloster Eberbach began making high quality wines as Cabinet in what century?
18th
*1712
107
This grape, that produces simple, fruity, refreshing still and sparkling white wines is the star of the Obermosel.
Elbling
