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Advanced Sommelier > Germany > Flashcards

Germany Flashcards

Advanced Studies on Germany

1
Q

Cistercians arrived from ______ to establish Kloster Eberbach in ______ (year).

A
  1. Burgundy

2. 1136

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2
Q

In 1775, ______ announced the first planned Spätlese harvest of botrytis-affected fruit.

A

Schloss Johannisberg

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3
Q

In what year was Germany’s first sparkling wine made?

A

1826

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4
Q

In what year was Germany’s reunification?

Bonus: Name the two Anbaugebiete that were added.

A

1990

Bonus: Sachsen and Saale-Unstrut

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5
Q

Who introduced Riesling cultivation to Germany?

A

Cistercians

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6
Q

When did Spätburgunder first appear in Germany?

A

Late 800s

Bonus: in Baden

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7
Q

What is Frühburgunder?

A

A natural mutation genetically identical to Pinot Noir

  • Rare specialty of Germany
  • Thicker-skinned than Pinot Noir
  • Darker in color and lower acidity than Pinot Noir
  • Known as Pinot Noir Précoce and, historically, Pinot Madeleine in France
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8
Q

Müller-Thurgau is a crossing of ______ x ______.

A

Riesling x Madeleine Royale

  • First obtained by Swiss Dr. Hermann Müller at the Geisenheim Grape Breeding Institute in 1882
  • Early ripening, high yielding
  • Became an important component of Liebfraumilch
  • Germany’s leading grape variety in 1969
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9
Q

Silvaner is a crossing of ______ x ______.

A

Traminer x Österreichisch-Weiss

  • Austrian in origin
  • First arrived in Franken in the mid-17th century
  • Most planted grape variety in Germany until Müller-Thurgau
  • There are 4 broad types of the variety:
  • Grüner: green
  • Blauer: blue
  • Roter: red
  • Gelber: yellow
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10
Q

Scheurebe is a crossing of ______ x ______.

A

Riesling x Bukettrebe

  • Developed in Rheinhessen (at Alzey) in 1916
  • Named for the grape breeder Georg Scheu
  • Very good quality dry and sweet versions
  • Most successful in Rheinhessen and Pfalz
  • Offers some pungently aromatic, thiol-based aromas of Sauvignon Blanc
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11
Q

Dornfelder is a crossing of ______ x ______.

A

Helfensteiner x Heroldrebe

  • Developed by August Herold in 1956
  • Named after a founder of the Weinsberg Viticulture School, August Dornfeld
  • 2nd-most planted red grape in Germany
  • Darker, fuller style of wine than Spätburgunder
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12
Q

What is Ruländer?

A

Sweet, botrytized Grauburgunder is produced as Ruländer

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13
Q

Who is the world’s leading grower of Pinot Blanc?

A

Germany

*Strongholds are Baden and Pfalz

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14
Q

In which Anbaugebiet is Lemberger most cultivated?

A

Württemberg

*Lemberger = Blaufränkisch

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15
Q

Schwarzriesling is grown almost exclusively in which Anbaugebiet?

A

Württemberg

*Schwarzriesling = Meunier

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16
Q

Trollinger is grown almost exclusively in which Anbaugebiet?

A

Württemberg

*Trollinger = Schiava

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17
Q

Where is the Stein vineyard located and what are the two most planted grapes?

A
  1. Würzburg
  2. Riesling and Silvaner
  • 85 ha vineyard
  • Produces some of Franken’s top examples of Riesling and Silvaner with a touch of smokiness
  • On a warm, south-facing limestone and loess slope
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18
Q

What is “hock”?

A

A term for wines from the Middle Rhine

*Expanded to a generic term for German wines

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19
Q

What is Amtliche Prüfungsnummer?

A

A.P. number / “Official exam number”

  • A certification that debuted with the 1971 wine law
  • Each number consists of 5 sets of digits
    1. Location of the examination board
    2. Village in which the wine was produced
    3. Producer
    4. Unique number of the bottling
    5. Year in which the wine was tested

*All Qualitätswein and Prädikatswein must carry an A.P. number

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20
Q

What does feinherb mean?

A

Slightly off-dry

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21
Q

What is kalkstein?

A

Limestone

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22
Q

What is blauen schiefer?

A

Blue slate

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23
Q

What is buntsandstein?

A

Red sandstone

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24
Q

What is the size of a stück, doppelstück, and halbstück?

A

Halbstück: 600 liters
Stück: 1,200 liters
Doppelstück: 2,400 liters

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25
Q

Define schloss and kloster.

A

Schloss: castle
Kloster: abbey

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26
Q

What is rotliegendes?

A

Red sandstone

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27
Q

What is muschelkalk?

A

Shell-limestone

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28
Q

What is Schillerwein?

A

A specialty rosé of Württemberg

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29
Q

True or False: The VDP has members from all 13 Anbaugebiete.

A

True

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30
Q

The VDP was founded in 1910 as the ______.

A

VDNV
Verband Deutscher Naturweinversteigerer

*1971 law banned the use of the term Natur

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31
Q

What are the 4 categories of origin of VDP wines (for 2011 vintage and on)?

A 
Gutswein: regional tier
Ortswein: village tier
Erste Lage: premier cru vineyards
Grosse Lage: grand cru vineyards
*Grosse Lage: trocken is not used on labels, Grosses Gewächs in used instead
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32
Q

Is chaptalization allowed in VDP wines?

A

Yes

*Not in the original Natur wines

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33
Q

What is the maximum yield of each Gutswein, Ortswein, Erste Lage, and Grosse Lage?

A

Gutswein: 75 hl/ha
Ortswein: 75 hl/ha
Erste Lage: 60 hl/ha
Grosse Lage: 50 hl/ha

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34
Q

Who was the first German to make sparkling wine?

A

Florenz-Ludwig Heidsieck

*1785 in Champagne

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35
Q

Who is Vulker Raumland?

A

Leader in the movement of using Riesling and Spätburgunder to improve sparkling wine quality
- Founded Germany’s first winery focusing only on sparkling wines

*From Rheinhessen

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36
Q

The ______ parallel runs directly through Rheingau.

A

50th

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37
Q

What are the main grapes grown in the Rheingau?

A

Riesling (2,494 ha) and Spätburgunder (385 ha)

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38
Q

Name the Bereich(e) of Rheingau.

A

Johannisberg

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39
Q

Where is Assmannshausen located?

A

Rheingau

  • The western Rheingau
  • It is a red wine commune
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40
Q

One what river valley is the Maingau located?

A

Main River valley

*The Main River is a small tributary of the Rhine

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41
Q

What is the main river of the Rheingau?

A

Rhine River

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42
Q

The Grosse Lage site ______ claims the Rheingau’s steepest slopes.

A

Berg Schlossberg

  • Reaches 70% grade
  • Located in Rüdesheim, in the central Rheingau
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43
Q

What type(s) of soil is found in the Rheingau?

A
  • Loess-covered loams and marls (Maingau)
  • Purer slate soils (western Rheingau)
  • Mixture of slate, quartzite, and sandstone, with layers of loess and clay on the lower slopes, more eroded soils on the upper slopes with a higher proportion of slate (central Rheingau)
44
Q

What is the longest tributary of the Rhine?

A

Mosel

  • 545 meters long
  • Begins in the Vosges Mountains in France, home of the Moselle AOP
45
Q

Mosel sits on the ______ parallel.

46
Q

The typical growing season of Mosel is about ______ days.

47
Q

What are the main grape varieties grown in Mosel?

A

Riesling, Spätburgunder, Müller-Thurgau, Elbing

*Mosel was for many years Europe’s largest cultivator of Riesling; it was overtaken by Pfalz in the mid-2000s

48
Q

Name the bereich(e) of Mosel.

A

Bernkastel (the middle Mosel), Burg Cochem (the lower Mosel), Obermosel (the upper Mosel), Ruwertal, Saar, Moseltor

49
Q

Zeltingen, Ürzig, and Erden are major villages of ______.

A

Bernkastel

50
Q

What are the major villages of Burg Cochem?

A

Winningnen, Kober-Gondorf, Hatzenport, Cochem, Bremm, Zell

*slopes are extremely steep here, grades easily reach 70% or more

51
Q

What type(s) of soil is found in the upper, middle, and lower Mosel?

A

Upper: Calcareous soil
Middle: Devonian slate
Lower: Devonian slate

52
Q

Elbling is the main grape of which Bereich of Mosel?

A

Obermosel

*Elbling is an ancient white grape that produces simple, fruity whites and refreshing sparkling wines

53
Q

What type(s) of soil is found in Moseltor?

54
Q

What is Germany’s largest Anbaugebiet?

A

Rheinhessen

55
Q

Message in a Bottle is an organization of young producers in which region?

A

Rheinhessen

56
Q

Name the Bereiche of Rheinhessen?

A

Nierstein, Bingen, Wonnegau

57
Q

______ was the most expensive wine aboard the Titanic.

A

Niersteiner Riesling

58
Q

Some of the best dry Riesling in the world comes from the limestone and loess soils in the Rheinhessen Bereich of ______.

59
Q

What is the main soil type(s) of Pfalz?

A

Red sandstone

  • Also
  • Layers of Basalt
  • Calcareous deposits formed limestone and shell-limestone
  • Sand, gravel, and loess from water, wind, and erosion
60
Q

True or False: There is more Riesling in Pfalz than in Alsace.

61
Q

Which 3 grapes grown in Pfalz are authorized for VDP Grosse Lage bottlings?

A

Riesling, Spätburgunder, Weissburgunder

62
Q

Name the Bereiche of Pfalz.

A

Mittelhaardt-Deutsche Weinstrasse and Südliche Weinstrasse

63
Q

What is the main river of Franken?

A

Main River

*A small tributary of the Rhine

64
Q

What is the main soil type(s) of Franken?

A

Weathered red sandstone (Mainviereck)
Shell-limestone (Maindreieck)
Loess

65
Q

Name the main grapes of Franken.

A

Müller-Thurgau, Silvaner, Bacchus, Riesling, Spätburgunder, Weissburgunder

66
Q

Name the Bereiche of Franken.

A

Mainviereck, Maindreieck, Steigerwald

67
Q

What is the main river of the Nahe?

A

Nahe River

  • Tributary of the Rhine
  • Most vineyards are cultivated in the river valleys
  • Best vineyards are generally located along the course of the Nahe River, but there are hidden pockets of great vineyards in the smaller valleys of its northern tributaries
68
Q

Name the forest that forms Nahe’s natural western border.

A

Hunsruck Hochwald highland forest

  • Separates Nahe from the Mosel Valley
  • Wooded mountains in the north and west of Nahe protect from wind and weather
69
Q

Which Anbaugebiet has Germany’s driest wine growing climate?

70
Q

What type(s) of soil is found in Nahe?

A

Slate, volcanic, limestone, schist

71
Q

Name the Bereiche of Nahe.

72
Q

Which part of Nahe is heavier with clay and loess?

A

Lower Nahe

*From Laubenheim northward, soil shifts to slate and quartzite

73
Q

Which Anbaugebiet lies between the Rhine River and the Black Forest?

74
Q

Name the Bereiche of Baden.

A

Badische-Bergstrasse, Kraichgau, Ortenau, Breisgau, Kaiserstuhl, Tuniberg, Markgräflerland, Bodensee, Tauberfranken

75
Q

What is the main river of Württemberg?

A

Neckar River

  • Major tributary of the Rhine River
  • Tributaries: Kocher, Jagst, Tauber, Rems
76
Q

What are the main grapes of Württemberg?

A

Trollinger (Schiava), Lemberger (Blaufränkisch), Schwarzriesling (Meunier), Riesling, Spätburgunder

77
Q

Schillerwein is a specialized style of rosé unique to ______ (Anbaugebiet).

A

Württemberg

  • Allows blending to create the rosé
  • Was, historically, composed of a field blend of red and white gapes crushed and fermented together
  • Today, red and white lots are blended prior to fermentation to achieve the bright rosy color
  • Typically light, trocken or halbtrocken, and contains 11-12.5% finished alcohol
78
Q

Name the Bereiche of Württemberg.

A

Remstal-Stuttgart, Württembergisch Unterland, Württembergisch Bodensee, Bayerischer Bodensee, Kocher-Jagst-Tauber, Oberer Neckar

79
Q

______ (Anbaugebiet) has the highest drinking per capita in Germany.

A

Württemberg

80
Q

What is the main river of the Ahr?

A

Ahr River

*The river is too small and removed to have a big impact on the vine

81
Q

What is the main soil type(s) of the Ahr?

A

Slate

  • The dark slate soils store heat
  • Upper Ahr: nearly pure slate
  • Lower Ahr: more basalt-derived clay and sand atop dark slate
82
Q

What are the main grapes of the Ahr?

A

Spätburgunder, Frühburgunder, Riesling, Portugieser

  • The Ahr is one of the country’s best spots for Spätburgunder
  • Top Ahr Spätburgunder producers:
  • Jean Stodden
  • Meyer-Näkel
  • J.J. Adeneuer
  • Frühburgunder is ready for harvest about 2 weeks ahead of Spätburgunder
83
Q

Guyot training replaced the traditional ______ system, providing more sun exposure in the Ahr.

A

Single-post

84
Q

What is the main river of the Mittelrhein?

A

Rhine River

85
Q

Name the Bereiche of the Mittelrhein.

A

Loreley, Siebengebirge

  • These divide the Mittelrhein into northern and southern sectors
  • Majority of vineyards and all Grosse Lage sites are located in the southern Bereich of Loreley
  • Siebengebirge is a cluster of uplifted hills of volcanic origin southeast of Bonn
  • Fewer than two dozen hectares of vines remain under cultivation in this Bereich
86
Q

What type(s) of soil is found in Mittelrhein?

A

Devonian slate

87
Q

What are the main grapes grown in the Mittelrhein?

A

Riesling (most planted), Müller-Thurgau, Spätburgunder

*Most Riesling producers are interested in trocken and halbtrocken wines

88
Q

What is the main river of Hessische-Bergstrasse?

A

Rhine River

89
Q

Name the Bereiche of Hessische-Bergstrasse.

A

Starkenburg, Umstadt

90
Q

What is the main river associated with Sachsen and Saale-Unstrut?

A

Elbe River

91
Q

Name the Bereiche of Sachsen.

A

Meissen, Elstertal

92
Q

Name the Bereiche of Saale-Unstrut.

A

Schloss Neuenburg, Thüringen, Maisfelder Seen

93
Q

Kloster Eberbach began marking high quality wines as Cabinet in ______ (year).

94
Q

Schlossgut Diel is a reigning producer of the ______ (Anbaugebiet).

A

Nahe

*The Lower Nahe

95
Q

Tafelwein is now known as ______.

96
Q

True/False: All VDP wines must be estate-grown.

97
Q

Who are the biggest consumers of sparkling wine per capita?

98
Q

Most Sekt is ______ (sweetness level).

A

Brut

*A handful of producers are making well-balanced brut nature wines

99
Q

Who introduced Pinot Noir cultivation in Germany?

A

Cistercians

100
Q

Rudolf Fürst is a top name for ______ (grape) in Franken.

A

Spätburgunder

101
Q

Bassermann-Jordan, von Winning, and von Buhl are major producers of the ______ (name the village).

A

Deidesheim, Mittelhaardt-Deutsche Weinstrasse, Pfalz

102
Q

Pfeffingen – Fuhrmann-Eymael is a major producer of ______ (name the village), the biggest wine commune in Germany.

A

Bad Dürkheim

*has 809 ha of vineyard

103
Q

What is Hochgewächs?

A

For wines meeting higher standards than the standards set for QBA, but not qualifying for Prädikat.

*not often used today

104
Q

Who is Vulker Raumland?

A

A leader in the movement of using Riesling and Spätburgunder to improve sparkling wine quality

  • Founded Germany’s first winery focusing only on sparkling wines
  • From Rheinhessen
105
Q

Where is the Stein vineyard located and what are the two most planted grapes?

A
  1. Würzburg
  2. Riesling and Silvaner

*Produces some of Franken’s top examples of Riesling and Silvaner, with a touch of smokiness

106
Q

Kloster Eberbach began making high quality wines as Cabinet in what century?

A

18th

*1712

107
Q

This grape, that produces simple, fruity, refreshing still and sparkling white wines is the star of the Obermosel.

Advanced Sommelier (35 decks)

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