Germany 1923-29 Flashcards
When did Hindenburg become President
1925
Hindenburg’s background?
- ex-military leader
- anti-democracy + rw + conservative BUT hates Nazis
- monarchist at heart (asks Kaiser for permission to take office)
- wants G to be great again + overturn TofV
- reluctantly accepts WR (no monarch, coalition gov, democracy)
What did Hindenburg help popularise?
stab in the back myth
Situation in 1923?
WR on the verge of collapse but surprisingly crisis was the start of a period of stability + success
1923-29 situation?
time when the econ boomed + cultural life flourished in G
Why was there a turnabout in the econ situation in 1923?
G was saved by Gustav Stresemann + Charles Dawes
Who was Charles Dawes?
american banker that worked w Stresemann to save the G econ?
What did CD and GS do?
1924: Dawes Plan (banking)
1924-25: French withdraw from the Ruhr
1925: Locarno treaty (F + G agreed not to attack each other, accepting french border)
1926: L of N
1926: Treaty of Berlin (agreement with Russia to stay neutral)
1928: Kellogg-Briand Pact (cutting down armies + not using war as the primary way to achieve aims)
1929: Young Plan (USA plan to help G w paying back TofV)
Stresemann background?
rw nationalist BUT switched to democracy to save G
What did Stresemann organise in 1923?
In 1923 S organised ‘The Great Coalition’ of moderate, pro-dem parties
What did S form?
S formed the German Reichsbank + old money called in to end hyperinflation
S position?
appointed chancellor in Aug-Nov 1923 + became foreign minister until his death
What did S do for G’s global standing?
S got G accepted back into Europe (Locarno Treaty + L of N)
What did S receive in 1926?
S and Aristide Briand awarded the nobel peace prize in 1926
