Germany 1918-1939

Question 1

What was the November criminals myth called? Describe it?

Answer 1

• Dolchstoss myth
• Army were back stabbed because people thought Germany hadn’t lost the war yet.

Question 2

1. What does TRAWL stand for?
2. What was it part of?

Answer 2

1.Territory
Reparations
Armaments
War Guilt Clause
League of Nations
2. Treaty of Versailles

Question 3

What happened due to the treaty of Versailles? Give facts from TRAWL.

Answer 3

Territory- Lost 13% of land and 10% of population, 50% of iron reserves.

Reparations- £6.6bn.

Armaments- Army limited to 100,000 men, no Luftwaffe, Rhineland was demilitarised.

War guilt clause- Germany was blamed for the war.

League of Nations- Couldn’t join it. It was an organisation that maintained peace.

Question 4

Who were the leaders of the Spartacist putsch? What was their goal?

Answer 4

• Rosa Luxembourg.
• Karl Liebknecht
  Communists and wanted complete equality.

Question 5

What happened in the Spartacist Putsch?

Answer 5

• Called for a strike
• Uprising in Berlin
• Seized government newspaper offices.

Question 6

How was the Spartacist Putsch stopped?

Answer 6

They made the Freikorps (retired soldiers) and told them to attack the rioters.

Question 7

Who lead the Kapp Putsch?

Answer 7

Wolfgang Kapp

Question 8

What happened in the Kapp Putsch ? Why?

Answer 8

• 5,000 soldiers marched into Berlin
• Government tried to disband Freikorps and wanted a right-winged government

Question 9

How was the Kapp Putsch stopped?

Answer 9

General Strike.

Question 10

What were the 4 problems with the constitution ?

Answer 10

1. Proportional representation- % of votes is % of seats.
2. Coalitions- Parties join together.
3. Everyone over 20 could vote.
4. Article 48- Give emergency powers to Chancellor.

Question 11

What caused hyper inflation?

Answer 11

The French invaded the Ruhr because Germany weren’t paying reparations. Bread went from 1 to 200 billion marks from 1919-1923.

Question 12

How did Stresemann help Germany?

Answer 12

• Passive resistance in Ruhr and promised to start paying reparations.
• Introduced Rentenmark to solve hyperinflation.
• Agreed borders and signed the Kellogg-Briand Pact (not to use war).
• Joined League of Nations.

Question 13

What were the Plans that Stresemann used?

Answer 13

-Yung Plan: Reparations from £6.6bn to £2bn.
- Dawes Plan: Loan of 800 million Rentenmark from USA.
- Locano Treaty: Borders on west.
- Kellogg-Briand Pact: not to use war.

Question 14

How do you Structure 3b and 3c?

Answer 14

3b- 1 PEE
3c- 1 PEE: Why the differ?
- Timeframe
- Focuses
- Sources

Question 15

How do you structure 3d?

Answer 15

Para 1- I agree/Disagree strongly/ somewhat agree/disagree with interpretation 2 … For example, the interpretation claims…

Furthermore, it is very accurate/ quite/ not accurate that…

Para 2- However, interpretation 1 offers and alternative more/less convincing explanation…

Para 3- Further evidence to support/contradict interpretation 2 is that…

• Always link.

Question 16

Who was the ‘hunger chancellor’?

Answer 16

Heinrich Bruning.

Question 17

What was the belief that Hitler was a above all?

Answer 17

Führerprinzip

Question 18

Who said ‘Hitler is in my pocket’?

Answer 18

Von Papen

Question 19

What happened in the night of the long knives?

Answer 19

• 400 people were shot.
• Ernst Rohm (Leader of SA) was killed as he was rumoured to be trying to over come Hitler.

Question 20

How many people were in Hitler youth?

Answer 20

• 9 million
• 1.2 million trained in small arms shooting.

Question 21

What did the Edelweiss pirates do?

Answer 21

• Attacked Hitler youth.
• Went on hikes and camped
• Wore white flower to show allegiance to their group

Question 22

What were the consequences of Kristallnacht?

Answer 22

• 191 synagogues destroyed
• 171 homes destroyed
• 814 homes destroyed