Germany Flashcards
Who is Friedrich Ebert
First President of the Weimar Republic
Who is Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg
Spartacist Uprising leaders
Why is Weimar formed in Weimar
Berlin was too unsafe
2 strengths of the Weimar Constitution
Men and Women could vote over 21
Democracy
2 weaknesses of the Weimar Constitution
Proportional Representation-Many parties could have power
Article 48
What is Dolchstoss
The German belief that they had been stabbed in the back
Who were the November Criminals
The Germans who signed the Armistice
When was the Sparticist Uprising
1919
How did the Weimar Republic counter the Sparticist Uprising
Send the Freikorps
When was the Kapp Putsch
1920
Why did the army refuse to help in the Kapp Putsch
As the Freikorps were ex-military
When did Hitler join the German Workers Party and Became leader
1919
Became Leader in 1921
How did the Nazi try to get their message out from 1920-22
Newspapers
When was the SA made
1921
Where was the Nazi organisation originally based
Munich
When did the French invade the Ruhr
1923
What was the Munich Putsch
Attempted Nazi Takeover
What was the beginning of the Munich Putsch like
Hitler took over a beer hall where a local government meeting was happening
and at gunpoint forced them to agree that he was taking over
What was the midpoint of the Munich Putsch
Hitler took to the streets to get more support from the people
but the army had been tipped off by the government officials who had managed to get a message out from the beer hall meeting
What was the end of the Munich Putsch
Nazis were killed
Hitler arrested-wrote Mein kamp
When was the Golden Years span
1924-29
How did Stresemann attempt to fix Germany’s economy after Hyperinflation
Introducing the Rentenmark
When was the Dawes Plan
1924
What was the Dawes Plan
A loan from America
When was the Young Plan
1929
What was the Young Plan
Less Reperations needed to be paid over a longer period of time
How did Stresemann fix foreign relationships
Signing the Lorcarno Pact
When was the Locarno Pact signed
1925
When did Germany get to join the League of Nations
1926
What was the Kellog-Briand Treaty
Try to talk out any issues before starting a war
When was the Kellog-Briand Treaty signed
1928
What was a drawback of increasing relationships with foreign countries
Made far right parties mad at the Government
5 Reasons to show Living conditions improved
Less unemployment
Homes being built
Pensions paid to war veterans
Students doing higher education
Working week times decreased but pay increased
What were the 3 improvements made for women
Women could vote and become politicians
Women could have better jobs
NEW WOMEN was introduced. Could dress how they would and could smoke
2 Drawbacks for improvements made for women
Women were paid less then men
Birth rates decreased and Divorces increased
What were the Nazi doing between 1924-28
Hitler wrote Mein Kamp
Hitler formed the SS
Who became a commited follower of hitler during the Bramburg Conference
Goebells
When was the Wall Street Crash
1929
3 Consequences of the Wall Street Crash
Homeless increased
Unemployment increased
People wages were cut
What was the main reason Hitler came into power by 1933
Wall Street Crash is the biggest reason Hitler is able to come to
power by 1933
3 Reasons why the Nazi became popular before 1933
Hitler travelled over the country
Use of Propaganda
Promised working class ‘work and bread’
When does Hitler become Chancellor
1933
Who does Hindenburg elect as Chancellor over Hitler
Von Papen
When does Von Papen get sacked
November 1932
Who replaces Von papen after 1932
Von Schleicher
Why does Hitler become Chancellor in January 1933
Von Schleicher was planning a military takeover
Why does Von Papen support Hitler being Chancellor
Hitler could be used as a puppet
5 Reasons Hitler became a dictator
Reichstag Fire
Enabling Act
Remove Opposition
Night of the Long Knives
Hindenburg death
How did the Reichstag Fire help Hitler become a dictator
2 Points
Dutch Communist found in fire
Could ban communist parties
How did the Enabling Act help Hitler become a dictator
3 Points
Used Article 48 to pass the Enabling Act
Was agreed as the Reichstag was majority Nazi
Could pass on any laws foe 4 years
What was a consequence of the Enabling Act
The Weimar Constitution had ended
How did removing oppostion help Hitler become a Dictator
2 Points
Removed Trade Unions
Made other political parties illegal
Why did Hitler remove trade unions
As they could argue about his ideologies to workers and cause an uprise
When did Hitler make other parties illegal
July 1933
How did the Night of the Long Knives help Hitler become a dictator
3 Points
Army disliked the SA as Rohm wanted the SA to become the new army
Amry was a threat to Hitler
Hitler killed Rohm and the leaders and convinced SA that they were traitors
What was a consequence of the Night of the Long Knives
Army relation with Hitler increased as they had gained more men and were listened to
When does Hindenburg die
August 1934
4 reasons to show Nazi Control of Germany with Police Force
SS
Gestapo
SD
Concentration Camps
Who were the SD
Monitored potential opponents
How did the Nazi control the Law
Made Judges join the National Socialist League for the Maintenance
of the Law
This ensured judges were loyal to the Nazis
How did the Nazi control Religion
Catholic: Reached a concordant that Nazi would not harm catholics and the Church would stay out politics
Protestant: Hitler tried to force all protestant churches to turn into the Reich Church.
4 ways the Nazi controlled Germany through propaganda
media
radio
sport
rallies
How did the Nazi control art
Reich Chamber of Visual Arts
Allowed certain art
How did the Nazi control literature
Burned books
what were 2 youth resistances
Edelweiss Pirates
Swing Group
Who were the Edelweiss pirates and what did they do
3 Points
Working class group of teenagers
Copied American fashion styles and haircuts
They often went camping to escape Nazi life singing & telling anti-Nazi jokes & Taunted Nazi Youth members
Who were the Swing Group and what did they do
3 Points
Teenagers from wealthy middle class backgrounds
Listed to banned American Jazz music and danced the ‘Jitterbug’ which
led to some illegal dance nights happening
Drank alcohol and smoked
How did religion oppose the Nazi
Pastor’s Emergency League offer Protestants an alternative to the
Nazi controlled Reich Church
What was the key Nazi policy on women
Kinder-Children
Kuche-Kitchen
Kirche-Church
How did the Nazi Control Women
German Women’s Enterprise
What is Lebensraum
Nazi belief to grow
Did this through growing the population
How did the Nazi encourage high birth rate
2 Points
Mother cross-If they had more than 4 children
Loans were given
What is Lebensborn
Himmler’s ideologie for SINGLE women to breed with SS men to make ‘PURE’ children
How did the Nazi control women in school
Taught them house chores
Main points on the Hitler youth
3 points
Swore an oath to Hitler
Learn Nazi ideas (evil jewish people)
Learned military skills
Main points on the league of german maidens
3 Points
Swore an oath
Learned ‘racial hygiene’. Only be with Aryan boys.
Trained to do house chores
How did the Nazi control the education
3 Points
Nazi Teacher League. Swear an oath
Promote Nazi in class. E.g Nazi flags
Mein Kampf to be a compulsory book to read
How did the Nazi reduce unemployment in 1939
4 Points
Building of the AUTOBAHNS. Compulsory for all unemployed men to join
Started conscription. This made men have jobs e.g building tnaks
Women and Jews were not listed as unemployed.
Part time workers classed as workers also
What was Strength Through Joy
Workers rewarded for hard work.
What was the Beauty of Labour
Improve working conditions
What the The Labour front (DAF)
Workers agreed with the Nazi for working hours and wages
What is Eugenics
Selective breeding
How did the Nazi persecute Slavs
Forced them to leave so the master race could spread (Lebensraum)
How did the Nazi persecute Gyspsies
Removed German Citizenship
How did the Nazi persecute Homosexuals
Sent to concentration camps
How did the Nazi persecute disabled people
Killed any disable children under the T4 PROGRAMME
Sent to concentration camps
How did the Nazi persecute Jews in 1933
Boycott of Jewish Shops
How did the Nazi persecute Jews in 1934
Jewish people banned from public places
How did the Nazi persecute Jews in 1935
Nuremburg Laws passed
What are the Nuremburg laws
2 Points
Jews lost their citizenship
Illegal to marry a German person
How did the Nazi persecute Jews in 1938
2 Points
Jews had to wear identity cards
register all possessions so they could be then taken from them
When was Kristallnast
1938
What was the beginning of Kristallnast
Nazi politician shot by a German Jew whilst in Paris.Later died
What was the middle of Kristallnast
3 Points
Plain clothed SS men ordered to attack local Jewish synagogues (churches),
shops and homes of where the Jew was from in Hanoever
Politican dies later.
Nationwide attacks on Jews now.100s of homes and synagogues destroyed.
What was the end of kristallnast
2 points
Nazis even forced the Jews to pay for the damage done to their property
By 1939 the order was out that all Jews should now be deported from Germany
