Crime and Punishment and Whitechapel Flashcards
Where is Whitechapel located?
East End Of London
How much people were homeless?
1 in 30
Who is Charles Booth and what did he investigate?
Social Reformer
Found out 37.5% of East Londerners were living in utter poverty
How many people could live in the same room within Whitechapel?
40 People in One Room
What is a penny hang?
Pay a penny to sleep on a hammock
What is the Peabody Estate?
Peabody was a reformer who decided to improve living conditions
What were the largest minority?
Jews and the Irish
Why did most people fear the Irish?
The Irish nationalists called Fenians
What is Bloody Sunday?
Where many socialist were killed
What did Constables do within Whitechapel?
Walk their beat
What was the division within Whitechapel?
H Division
What are Rookeries
Close Building or Flats
What would happen if a constable missed a crime whilst being on their beat?
Would be fined
How many pubs could be found within a 1 mile radius?
45
Who was the Police Commisioner?
Charles Warren
Reasons why Jack The Ripper was never caught?
1.Rivalry between Police forces
2.Not enough police officers (2 Murders happening in the same area)
3.Failed to pay sniffer dogs
What did the police introduce which took body measurements?
Bertillon System
What did the Nobles do?
Help assist the king in keeping Law
What are the crimes that can be commited?
Crime against:
Person
Property
Authority
What is the Wergild
Money paid to the victim in compensation
Paid to the King in Norman control
What is the King Mund
Responsibility to keep the people safe
What was the continunity and change in the Norman Era?
Trial by Ordeal continued
Trial by Combat changed
What is the Benefit of the Clergy?
Having a connection to the Church alowed them be be trialed in a more leniant church
How you could be tested if you were in the Church?
Read from the Bible
What does Claiming Sanctuary mean?
Church keep person safe for 40 days
What is the Statute of Labourers?
Made it a crime to demand for higher wages
How long were constables expected to lead the hue and cry for?
1 Year
What is a Coroner?
Investigate suspicious death
Who are the keepers of the kings peace?
Help constables
Who are the Justices in the Eyre?
Royal judges set to centralise english common law
What was the law passed by Henry the 8th?
Made witchcraft punishable by death
Why did the witchcraft hated die out?
The Enlightenment (using science) ended by 1700
What is the Bloody Code?
Increase of death sentences in crimes
What are the changes and continuinity in the crimes during the industrial period crimes?
CON
Smuggling INTENSIFIED
Poaching INTENSIFIED
CHA
Highway Robbery
Who made the Bow Street Runners in 1748?
Fielding Brothers
Why was it illegal to blacken someones face during the 1700-1900
To stop poaching
Called the Black Act 1723
Why did public excecutions end
These deaths were seen as entertainment rather than a deterrence
What were the 1700s prision used for
Holding suspect until trials
Who were the Tolpuddle Matyrs made up of?
Local Labourers and George Loveless
What was the trade union that George Loveless set up?
Agriculture of Labourers
How long were the Tolpuddle Martyrs sent to transportation for?
7 Years
What was one of the first prisions built?
Pentonville Prison
What were the reasons for the prisioners being seperate in the Pentonville prision?
Reflection
No influence
Deterrence
Retribution
Who were the two prison reformers?
Elizabeth Fry and Robert Peel
What did Elizabeth Fry argue for within prisons?
Women rights
Prisoners need to talk about their feelings
What did Robert Peel do for prisons?
Improved conditions
When was Homosexuality legal until?
1967
Why did Vagabonds increase?
Due to Rural Depopulation (Countryside to City)
What is anarachism
People should live their way and there should be no government
2 features of alcoholism in Whitechapel
Was drunk more than water due to how dirty it was therefore more violence
Alcohol was cheap throughout the high amount of pubs used to escape the conditions
Who are alternativjst
Won’t carry weapon e.g medics
Absolutist
No war refused to take part in
Why were they acted badly
Deterrence
Needed soldiers
