Germany Flashcards
Median age for Germany
47.8
% over 65
22%
TFR
1.6
Population of Germany
83 million
Projected decline
65-70 million by 2060
Migrant TFR
1.9
How many migrants in Germany
- 15.3 million (1/5)
- 5 million born to migrant parents
Japan median age and % over 65
48 years
28%
Job vacancies
2 million in 2021
Reasons for decline
- Role of women (average child-bearing age is 30)
- ‘Raven mothers’ - unsympathetic societal attitudes to mothers who work, implications of neglect, childcare facilities close early in the afternoon
% under 15
14%
Migrant worker laws
125,000 non EU-migrants each year (from 2021)
Projected % of retirees
Predicted ratio
33% by 2050
2:1 by 2030
% of Germany foreign migrants
26% 2020
35% 2040
Necessary migrants
500,000 a year to stabilise workforce
261 million over next 90 years to stabilise population
Agenda 2010 Plan
- Increase taxes on retirement funds, make it difficult to retire before 65
- Pension cuts of 3.6% per year before 65, pension bonus of 5% each year afterwards
Agenda 2010 effects
- From 2012, increase of two months per year in retirement average, projected to reach 67 by 2030
- Recent law allows those who have worked 45 years since 18 can retire at 63 with full pension
- Projected to impact 200,000 workers each year
- Projected to cost around $4.8 billion by 2030
Family Friendly Incentive 2006
- Parental leave provision up to 3 years, jobs kept available until they return
- Kindergeld ($338 monthly) until child reaches 18, or 25 if pursuing education
- Eltnergeld (67% of previous income/approx. $2700) for first 12-14 months
FFI 2006 effects
- Births gone down (685,000 in 2007, 678,000 in 2010)
- Gave out approximately $6 billion
- Higher educated parents more concerned about taking long work breaks
BMW manufacturer
- Average age of workers near Munich factory rose to 47
- Managers worked together with Workers’ Council representatives to develop changes in workers’ framework
- 70 changes made
BMW examples
- Changes to equipment to reduce physical strain and errors
- 2 hour rotation cycle during a shift
- Vertically adjusted workstations to reduce joint strains
BMW effects
- 7% productivity increase
- Absent workers reduced from 7% to 2%
- Product defect rate dropped
- Cost only 64,000 Euro
Geospatial technology
Atlas zur Regionalstatistik
AZR info
Data gained from:
- Censuses (only every 10 years)
- Eurostat office
Data on:
- Dependency ratios
- Levels of migrations etc.
How many migrants each year?
85,000
Italy median age
47.7 years
East Germany median age range
47 - 53
