Geriatrics

Question 1

What are the 3 main clinical features of a cerebral infarct?

Answer 1

Loss of higher mental function
Ipsilateral sensory/motor defect
Hemianopia

Question 2

What clinical features would be found in a partial anterior circulation infarct (PACI) and which artery would be affected?

Answer 2

2 of loss of higher mental function, ipsilateral sensory/motor defect, hemianopia
Middle/anterior cerebral artery branch occlusion

Question 3

What clinical features would be found in a total anterior circulation infarct (TACI) and which artery would be affected?

Answer 3

Loss of higher mental function
Ipsilateral sensory/motor defect
Hemianopia
Middle cerebral artery occlusion

Question 4

What clinical features would be found in a posterior circulation infarct (POCI) and which artery would be affected?

Answer 4

CN palsy
Contralateral motor/sensory defect
Homonymous hemianopia

Question 5

What clinical features would be found in a lacunar circulation infarct (LACI) and which artery would be affected?

Answer 5

Motor/sensory hemiparesis
Ataxia
Small deep perforating artery occlusion

Question 6

Which artery supplies the frontal lobe and what are the functions of this lobe?

Answer 6

Anterior cerebral artery
Motor function (pre-central gyrus)
Concentration, personality, judgement/inhibition
Language expression

Question 7

Which artery supplies the temporal lobe and what are the functions of this lobe?

Answer 7

Middle cerebral artery
Auditory reception
Language reception
Memory, info retrieval
Smell

Question 8

Which artery supplies the parietal lobe and what are the functions of this lobe?

Answer 8

Middle cerebral artery
Sensory function (post-central gyrus)
Proprioception
Calculation
Perception

Question 9

Which artery supplies the occipital lobe and what are the functions of this lobe?

Answer 9

Vertebrobasillar artery

Vision

Question 10

List notable risk factors that increase the likelihood of falls

Answer 10

Muscle weakness
Impaired gait/balance
Polypharmacy
Psychotropic/sedative drugs
Age over 80
Visual impairment
Cognitive impairment
Urinary urgency/frequency

Question 11

Outline measures you would take to reduce the risk of falls

Answer 11

Review medications
Involve MDT (physio, OT)
GCA assessment (medical, functional and psychological needs)