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PD Block 3 > Geriatric patient > Flashcards

Geriatric patient Flashcards

1
Q

Body composition changes in elderly

A
  1. increase in body fat 15-30%

2. decrease in muscle mass, water, ca+, K+

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2
Q

Cardiac changes in elderly

A
  1. Decrease in SA node electrical conduction
  2. Max heart rate during exercise is decreased
  3. Barorecpetor sensitivity decreases
  4. Tachycardia, hypotenstion, may not be seen in elderly pt
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3
Q

Vascular changes in elderly

A
  1. Higher risk for hypertension

2. Vascular insufficiency

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4
Q

Pulmonary changes in elderly

A
  1. Total lung capacity remains unchanged
  2. Increased residual volume
  3. Decreased response to hypoxia
  4. Airway reactivity increases
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5
Q

GI changes in elderly

A
  1. Decreased taste and thirst
  2. Decreased motility
  3. Impaired sensation to defecate
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6
Q

Musculoskeletal changes

A
  1. Lean body mass replaced with fat
  2. Decreased ligament and tendon strength
  3. Articular surface erosion
  4. Osteoporosis
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7
Q

Cognitive/neuro changes

A
  1. Altered temp regulation
  2. Slowed cognitive, but can still learn
  3. Slowed motor skills
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8
Q

Changes in the immune system

A
  1. Increased susceptibility to illness

2. Reduced vaccine efficacy

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9
Q

What is the functional assessment

A

Is an assessment used to understand a patients functions and ability to perform basic activities of daily living (ADLs)

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10
Q

What is included in the functional assessment screening

A
  1. Vision/hearing
  2. Mobility
  3. Oral/nutrition
  4. Elimination
  5. Cognitive function
  6. ADL and IADLS
  7. Home environment
  8. Social support
  9. Chronic pain
  10. Medications

MC MOVE CASH

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11
Q

What are the activities of daily living (ADLs)

A 
B- bathing
A - Ambulation
T - transfers
T-Toileting
E- eating
D - Dressing
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12
Q

What are examples of instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs)

A

Higher order issues

  1. Writing/reading
  2. Cooking/Cleaning
  3. Shopping
  4. LAundry
  5. Managing money
  6. Transportation
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13
Q

Common communication barriers

A
  1. Impaired hearing
  2. cognitive impairment
  3. Depression
  4. Fear of cost
  5. Fear of loss of independence
  6. Time constraints
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14
Q

Ways to overcome barriers

A
  1. Well lit room
  2. Face pt so they can see lips
  3. Minimize extra noise
  4. Introduce self and address with mr/mrs
  5. Ask open-ended questions
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15
Q

What is the main focus of the social history with geriatric patients

A

Assessing their level of independence. Also looking for normal social hx things, sex, relationships, drinking, drugs, activities, support persons

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16
Q

Things to note with PMH

A
  1. Prescribed pills
  2. Diet/food availability
  3. Habits - especially alcohol

Must really look at the pills pt is taking, often times they are taking multiples of the same drug that have been prescribed by different providers.

PD Block 3 (10 decks)

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