Geopolitics 1 Flashcards
Ore reserve
Economically mineable, what you can currently mine at a profit
Ore resource
Not profitiable now, but know its in the ground
Average grade of Cu 1880-1985
3%, 1%, 0.55%
Iron producers/consumers
Produced: China, Russia, Australia
Consumed (for steel): Japan, China, US, Russia
16% of iron ore reserves
CHINA
Sanctions and Embargos
1990 Iraq/US Oil sanctions
2012 EU Oil embargo on Iran
Resource Nationalism
Securing control over own assets, political influence of minerals e.g. Energy and oil in Japan
Zambia resource Nationalism
40,000 seat football stadium
Processing of Copper (no mines left)
Ndola copper rich belt
Stadium built by China in return for copper access. also gave infrastructure
Russia resource nationalism
- melting of land mass
- Lomonsov Ridge territorial claims
- 200 n mile line to show economic extent
Strategic minerals in the US
1939 - 28 minerals needed for war/defence. Stockpiling e.g arsenic/asbestos/bauxite
Chromite ore production
Inequite of minerals Production: - S. Africa (95%) Transport: - Risk to lines of supply, e.g Zambia landlocked Consumption: - Cost of disruption
UK Stockpiling
- ‘Strategic rating’, ‘likelihood of disruption’, ‘cost of disruption’.
Criticality
Demand growth, supply risks, recycling restrictions
Demand growth:
growth of 50% increase until 2020, or moderate 20% increase
Supply risks:
Regional concentration of >90% of mining in 3 countries
Physical scarcity (reserves v. demand)
Production demand lag
Tecnhical scarcity
