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geography > Geomorphology > Flashcards

Geomorphology Flashcards

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1
Q

Catchment area

A

A whole drainage basin as well as the source area of water on the surface and underground

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2
Q

River system

A

The main river and all its tributaries

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3
Q

River mouth

A

The area where a ride enters the sea or a lake

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4
Q

Watershed

A

High-lying areas that separate one drainage basin from another

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5
Q

Source

A

The starting point of a river

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6
Q

Tributary

A

A small river that flows into the main river

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7
Q

Confluence

A

The point where two rivers meet

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8
Q

Water table

A

The upper level of groundwater

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9
Q

Surface run-off

A

All water that moves across the surface of a drainage basin

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10
Q

Groundwater

A

Water that has infiltrated the surface and moved downwards due to gravity

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11
Q

Permanent river

A

A river that continues and contains water all year round

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12
Q

Periodic river

A

A river that only receives water and flows during the rainy season or for part of the year

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13
Q

Episodic river

A

A river that only flows very occasionally, only after heavy rains

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14
Q

Exotic river

A

A river that has its source in a rainy area and flows through a very dry area

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15
Q

Drainage pattern

A

The way in which a river system is shaped by relief and appears on the ground

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16
Q

Dendritic pattern

A

Looks like a trunk and branches of a tree with tributaries joining at ACUTE angles

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17
Q

Trellis pattern

A

Short tributaries that join the river in right angles

18
Q

Rectangular pattern

A

Rivers have right angle bends and tributaries join at right angles

19
Q

Radial centrifugal pattern

A

River flows away from a central high point such as a dome or volcano

20
Q

Radial centripetal pattern

A

River flows into a central basin or depression

21
Q

Deranged pattern

A

River appears to have no specific pattern

22
Q

Parallel pattern

A

Tributaries flow almost parallel to each other

23
Q

Stream order

A

A measure of a river systems branching pattern and the number of tributaries. It is used to compare different river systems

24
Q

Discharge of a river

A

The amount of water flowing in a river system measured in cubic meters per second

25
Q

Laminar flow

A

Smooth flow where water moves in sheets in a large rivers which particles gliding over each other

26
Q

Turbulent flow

A

Rough flow where water particles bump into each other and the river banks, causing eddies and swirls

27
Q

Eddy

A

A swirling, circular flow of water in a river

28
Q

Hydrograph

A

A graphs which indicates the volume of water flowing in a river over a period of time

29
Q

Acquiclude

A

A rock later that cannot be infiltrated by groundwater

30
Q

Acquifer

A

A rock layer that allows water to infiltrate it

31
Q

Impermeable rock

A

Rock which cannot be infiltrated by water

32
Q

Erosion

A

Wearing away and removal of particles of rock from a river channel

33
Q

Transportation

A

Carrying eroded material downstream a river

34
Q

Deposition

A

When eroded particles settle on the river bed or banks

35
Q

River profile

A

A cross-section view through a river

36
Q

Transverse profile

A

A cross-section of a river from one side to the other showing the shape of the river channel

37
Q

Longitudinal profile

A

The cross-section along a rivers course from source to mouth

38
Q

Fluvial landforms

A

Landforms that are created by rivers through the processes of erosion, transportation and deposition

39
Q

Meander

A

A series of winding curves in a river

40
Q

Drainage basin

A

The total surface area drained by one river system including all tributaries

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