Geology of the UK

Question 1

what is meant by geology

Answer 1

rock type

Question 2

how are igneous rocks formed

Answer 2

molten magma cooling

Question 3

how are sedimentary rocks formed

Answer 3

sediment at the bottom of lakes compress to form rock

Question 4

how are metamorphic rocks formed

Answer 4

subjected to heat and pressure in large amounts

Question 5

what type of rock is the majority of the UK

Answer 5

sedimentary

Question 6

what is glaciation

Answer 6

ice from the ice age melts and erodes the sides of upland valleys causing them to change from a v shape to a u shape

Question 7

what are slope processes

Answer 7

excess rain saturates rocks and dislodges soil particles causing landslide and rock falls

Question 8

what are weathering processes

Answer 8

biological, chemical, physical

Question 9

what is biological weathering

Answer 9

tree rocks force cracks in rock

Question 10

what is chemical weathering

Answer 10

rain water is slightly acidic due to carbon dioxide in the air causing rocks to erode

Question 11

what is physical weathering

Answer 11

caused by physical changes such as temperature

Question 12

what are scree?

Answer 12

angular pieces of rock

Question 13

how does physical weathering take place in the lake district?

Answer 13

freezing temperatures cause water in rocks to freeze and crack

Question 14

what glacial processes take place in the lake district?

Answer 14

‘v’ shaped valleys turn into ‘u’ shaped valleys as ice eroded the valley sides

Question 15

what slope processes occur in the lake district?

Answer 15

landslides are common due to the steep gradient and rain dislodging rock

Question 16

what weathering processes occur in the weald?

Answer 16

calcium carbonate causes chemical weathering

biological weathering as tree roots break rock

Question 17

what is scarp and vale topography?

Answer 17

a landscape consisting of steep slopes but also small dips

Question 18

what past glacial river processes have occurred in the weald?

Answer 18

water in chalk froze making it impermeable

fresh water formed and soaked into the chalk

Question 19

what slope processes occur in the weald?

Answer 19

soil creep as rain dislodges soil particles

Question 20

what are used as field boundaries in upland areas?

Answer 20

dry stone walls

Question 21

what are used as field boundaries in lowland areas?

Answer 21

hedges

Question 22

what type of farming is common in upland areas?

Answer 22

sheep farming

Question 23

what type of farming is common in lowland areas?

Answer 23

crop farming

Question 24

what is the land relief like in upland areas?

Answer 24

high

Question 25

what is the land relief like in lowland areas?

Answer 25

low

Question 26

what is the geology like in upland areas?

Answer 26

igneous, metamorphic

Question 27

what is the geology like in lowland areas?

Answer 27

sedimentary