Geology and Non-Renewable Minerals

Question 1

What are Earth’s 3 major concentric zone?

Answer 1

Core, Mantle, Crust

Question 2

Earth’s innermost zone

Answer 2

core

Question 3

Extremely hot and has a solid inner part, surrounded by a liquid core of molten or semisolid material

Answer 3

core

Question 4

most of it is solid rock

Answer 4

mantle

Question 5

What is under the rigid outermost part?

Answer 5

Asthenosphere

Question 6

zone of hot, partly melted rock that flows and can be deformed like soft plastic

Answer 6

Asthenosphere

Question 7

Where is the asthenosphere located?

Answer 7

Mantle

Question 8

outermost and thinnest zone of earth

Answer 8

crust

Question 9

Consists of the continental crust, which underlies the continents

Answer 9

crust

Question 10

flows of energy and heated material in mantle’s convection cells cause dozen of huge rigid plates

Answer 10

Tectonic Plates

Question 11

boundaries between tectonic plates as they separate, collide, or slide past one another

Answer 11

Plate Boundaries

Question 12

tremendous forces produced at plate boundaries can cause?

Answer 12

mountains to form, earthquakes, volcanoes to erupt

Question 13

oceanic plates move apart from one another

Answer 13

divergent

Question 14

When oceanic plates move apart from one another molten rock, or magma, flows up through the resulting cracks which creates what?

Answer 14

oceanic ridges

Question 15

oceanic plate collides with a continental plate

Answer 15

convergent

Question 16

When an oceanic plate collides with a continental plate, the continental plate usually rides up over the denser oceanic plate and pushes it down into the mantle in a process called what?

Answer 16

subduction

Question 17

area where collision and subduction takes place

Answer 17

subduction zone

Question 18

plates slide and grind past one another along a fracture in the lithosphere

Answer 18

transform fault

Question 19

most of the transform fault are located on the?

Answer 19

ocean floor

Question 20

generated by heat from the earth’s interior

Answer 20

internal geologic processes

Question 21

typically build up the earth’s surface in the form of continental and oceanic crust

Answer 21

internal geologic processes

Question 22

driven directly or indirectly by energy from the sun (mostly in the form of flowing water and wind) and influenced by gravity

Answer 22

external geologic processes

Question 23

tend to wear down the earth’s surface and move matter from one place to another

Answer 23

external geologic processes

Question 24

physical, chemical, and biological processes that break down rocks into smaller particles that help build soil

Answer 24

weathering

Question 25

magma reaches the earth’s surface through a central vent or a long crack

Answer 25

fissure

Question 26

magma that reaches the earth’s surface

Answer 26

lava

Question 27

energy that has accumulated over time is released in the form of vibration, and, which will move in all directions through the surrounding rock

Answer 27

seismic waves

Question 28

What internal geological process is produced by seismic waves?

Answer 28

earthquake

Question 29

volcanic activity provide benefit like

Answer 29

highly fertile soils produced by the weathering of lava

Question 30

place where an earthquake begins

Answer 30

focus

Question 31

often far below the earth’s surface

Answer 31

focus

Question 32

found on the earth’s surface directly above the focus

Answer 32

epicenter

Question 33

a series of large waves generated when part of the ocean floor suddenly rises or drops

Answer 33

tsunami

Question 34

Tsunamis are often called what?

Answer 34

tidal waves

Question 35

Three Major Types of Rocks

Answer 35

sedimentary, igneous, metamorphic

Question 36

The three major types of rocks found in the earth’s crust are recycled very slowly by what processes?

Answer 36

erosion, melting, metamorphism

Question 37

element or inorganic compound that occurs naturally in the earth’s crust

Answer 37

mineral

Question 38

a solid with a regular internal crystalline structure

Answer 38

mineral

Question 39

solid combination of one or more minerals found in the earth’s crust

Answer 39

rock

Question 40

Three Broad Classes of Rock

Answer 40

Sedimentary rocks, Igneous rock, Metamorphic rock

Question 41

made of sediments—dead plant and animal remains and existing rocks that are weathered and eroded into tiny particles

Answer 41

sedimentary rocks

Question 42

example of sedimentary rocks are

Answer 42

chalk lumps, lime stone, rock salt, sand stones

Question 43

forms below or on the earth’s surface when magma wells up from the earth’s upper mantle or deep crust and then cools and hardens

Answer 43

igneous rock

Question 44

examples of igneous rock are

Answer 44

basalt, diorite, granites, pumice, rhyolite

Question 45

when a preexisting rock is subjected to high temperatures, high pressures, chemically active fluids, or a combination of these agents

Answer 45

metamorphic rock forms

Question 46

forces transform a rock by reshaping its internal crystalline structure and its physical properties and appearance

Answer 46

metamorphic rock forms

Question 47

Examples of metamorphic rock forms are

Answer 47

marble, anthracite, phyllite, schist, slate

Question 48

the interaction of physical and chemical processes that change rocks from one type to another

Answer 48

rock cycle

Question 49

is a concentration of naturally occurring material from the earth’s crust that can be extracted and processed into useful products and raw materials

Answer 49

mineral resources