Geology #3 Flashcards
Which type of seismic wave cannot move through liquids?
S wave
What is liquefaction?
The melting of sedimentary material into a fluid
The logarithmic scale that describes the strength of an earthquake is called the_____ scale.
Richter
Earthquakes generally do not occur below 670 km in the mantle.
True
Love waves and Rayleigh waves are examples of:
Surface waves
P-waves travel by compression-expansion.
True
The San Andreas Fault is a_____ fault.
strike slip
A _____ is a fracture in rock, along which movement has occurred.
fault
Extensional/tensional stresses result in _____ faults.
normal
_______ are the first waves to form after an earthquake.
P-waves
Extensional/tensional stresses result in _____ faults, whereas compressional stresses result in ______ faults.
normal; reverse
Shallower earthquakes tend to occur at _________, whereas deeper earthquakes occur at ______________.
Mid-ocean ridges; subduction zones
A(n) _____ fault is a compressional fault in which the hanging wall moves upward relative to the foot wall.
Reverse
This type of drainage pattern involves water preferentially flowing within cracks or joints in rock.
Rectangular
Ephemeral rivers _______________.
Have flowing water either episodically or during a portion of the year
The term discharge refers to the amount of water passing a point on a stream’s bank during a given unit of time.
True
Braided streams/rivers ____________.
consist of a series of intertwined channels that are overloaded with sediment
The _____ is another name for a stream/river’s point of origin.
Headwater
A meander that is cut off to become completely isolated from the main channel but that retains water is a(n) ____________.
Oxbow lake
The hydrologic cycle does not include atmospheric processes.
False
Uplands (high topography areas) that separate adjacent drainage basins are called drainage divides.
True
The intermittent leaping or bouncing of sediment grains off the bed of a stream/river is called:
Saltation
Any recently deposited stream sediment is known as _____.
alluvium
This type of drainage pattern occurs on the flanks of volcanoes.
Radial