geology

Question 1

geology (relative sizes)

Answer 1

Rocks > sediments > gravel > sand > mud > soils > dust > minerals

Question 2

gravel

Answer 2

gravel > cobbles > boulders
shingle = rounded from water

Question 3

Sand

Answer 3

to be sand must contain more than 50% sand grain sized particles - different minerals but mainly quartz (silica dioxide)

Question 4

mud

Answer 4

sticky when wet - made of silt and clay mainly

Question 5

soils

Answer 5

layers = horizons
type formation determined by: climate, parent material, age bio activity
characteristics = weight, volume, colour, texture
munsell soil colour chart

Question 6

non living and living components of soil

Answer 6

non living - inorganic, shells, fossils, bones etc
living - bacteria , algae, fungi, roots

Question 7

dust

Answer 7

indicative of geological area as composition varies largely

Question 8

minerals

Answer 8

most abundant = silicates
phyllosilicate class = Si O4 tetrahedra = ‘clay minerals’

examples vermiculite - fire proofing safes and chimneys etc
muscovite = mica, magnesium silicate = talc