GEOLOGY

Question 1

GEOLOGY

Answer 1

EARTH’S STRUCTURE, HISTORY, AND PROCESSES INVOLVED

Question 2

CRUST

Answer 2

OUTERMOST LAYER

Question 3

MANTLE

Answer 3

MIDDLE LAYER, MADE MOSTLY OF MOLTEN ROCK

Question 4

CORE

Answer 4

INNER LAYER, MADE OF IRON AND NICKEL

Question 5

TECTONIC PLATES

Answer 5

RIGID PIECES OF THE EARTH’S CRUST AND UPPER MANTLE

Question 6

PLATE TECTONICS

Answer 6

THEORY DESCRIBING THE LARGE-SCALE MOTIONS OF THE EARTH’S LITHOSPHERE

Question 7

CONTINENTAL DRIFT THEORY

Answer 7

THEORIZES THAT THE EARTH HAD A SINGLE CONTINENT

Question 8

DIVERGENT BOUNDARY

Answer 8

PLATES MOVE AWAY FROM EACH OTHER

Question 9

CONVERGENT BOUNDARY

Answer 9

PLATES MOVE TOWARDS EACH OTHER

Question 10

TRANSFORM BOUNDARY

Answer 10

PLATES MOVE ALONG/SLIDE PAST EACH OTHER

Question 11

EARTHQUAKE

Answer 11

SHAKING OF THE GROUND CAUSED BY TENSION OF PLATES

Question 12

FOCUS

Answer 12

POINT BENEATH EARTH’S SURFACE WHERE ROCKS BREAK UNDER STRESS

Question 13

EPICENTER

Answer 13

CENTER OF THE QUAKE ABOVE THE FOCUS

Question 14

BODY WAVES

Answer 14

ENERGY WAVES THAT TRAVEL UNDERGROUND

Question 15

PRIMARY WAVES

Answer 15

COMPRESSIONAL, FAST, AND TRAVELS THROUGH ALL MEDIUMS

Question 16

SECONDARY WAVES

Answer 16

SHEAR, SLOWER THAN PRIMARY WAVES, AND TRAVELS THROUGH SOLID ROCK

Question 17

SURFACE WAVES

Answer 17

ENERGY WAVES THAT TRAVEL ALONG THE SURFACE OF THE EARTH

Question 18

RAYLEIGH WAVE

Answer 18

DISSIPATES AS IT TRAVELS FARTHER FROM THE CENTER

Question 19

LOVE WAVE

Answer 19

SIDEWAY MOVEMENT THAT OCCUR WHEN THE GROUND IS MADE OF MULTIPLE LAYERS

Question 20

TSUNAMI

Answer 20

SERIES OF ENORMOUS WAVES IN THE OCEAN OR LARGE WAVES

Question 21

RICHTER SCALE

Answer 21

NUMERICAL SCALE EXPRESSING THE MAGNITUDE OF AN EARTHQUAKE

Question 22

MERCALLI SCALE

Answer 22

USES THE OBSERVATIONS OF PEOPLE AND IS LESS SCIENTIFIC THAN THE RICHTER SCALE

Question 23

VOLCANO

Answer 23

OPENING OR RUPTURE IN THE EARTH’S SURFACE

Question 24

CINDER CONE VOLCANO

Answer 24

BUILT FROM PARTICLES AND LAVA EJECTED FROM A SINGLE VENT

Question 25

STRATOVOLCANO

Answer 25

STEEP-SIDED, SYMMETRICAL, BUILT OF ALTERNATING LAYERS OF LAVA, LOOKS LIKE PERFECT CONES, AND HAS A SLOWER LAVA FLOW

Question 26

SHIELD VOLCANO

Answer 26

BUILT FROM FLUID LAVA FLOWS AND HAS FASTER LAVA FLOWS

Question 27

IGNEOUS ROCKS

Answer 27

FORMED WHEN MAGMA OR LAVA SOLIDIFIES

Question 28

INTRUSIVE ROCKS

Answer 28

CRYSTALLIZES BELOW THE EARTH'S SURFACE AND COOLS SLOWLY FORMING CRYSTALS

Question 29

EXTRUSIVE ROCKS

Answer 29

ERUPT ONTO THE SURFACE AND COOLS QUICKLY FORMING GLASS

Question 30

SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

Answer 30

FROM ROCK RESIDUES THAT ACCUMULATE OVER TIME AND HARDEN

Question 31

METAMORPHIC ROCKS

Answer 31

ROCKS THAT UNDERGO PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHANGES DUE TO INTENSE PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE

Question 32

MINERALS

Answer 32

NATURALLY OCCURRING INORGANIC SOLIDS

Question 33

HARDNESS

Answer 33

ABILITY OF THE MINERAL TO RESIST BEING SCRATCHED; 1 IS THE SOFTEST AND 10 IS THE HARDEST

Question 34

COLOR

Answer 34

MOST OBVIOUS PROPERTY BUT THE LEAST DIAGNOSTIC

Question 35

STREAK

Answer 35

COLOR OF A MINERAL IN ITS POWDERED FORM; SHOWS THE TRUE COLOR OF THE MINERAL

Question 36

DENSITY

Answer 36

REFERS TO THE MINERAL'S COMPOSITION AND PATTERN IN WHICH THE MINERAL'S ATOMS ARE ARRANGED

Question 37

CRYSTALLINE STRUCTURE

Answer 37

MINERALS OCCUR IN SHAPES DETERMINED BY THE ARRANGEMENT OF THEIR ATOMS, MOLECULES, OR IONS

Question 38

CLEAVAGE

Answer 38

TENDENCY OF A MINERAL TO BREAK ALONG A PLANE

Question 39

LUSTER

Answer 39

THE WAY A MINERAL REFLECTS THE LIGHT

Question 40

SOIL

Answer 40

FINE FRAGMENTS BROUGHT ABOUT BY WEATHERING THAT MAKE UP THE GROUND

Question 41

EROSION

Answer 41

TERM USED TO REFER TO THE TRANSFER OF GROUND MATERIALS TO ANOTHER LOCATION; CAN BE CAUSED BY NATURAL OR MAN-MADE EVENTS

Question 42

ANGLE OF REPOSE

Answer 42

STEEPEST SLOPE OF UNCONFINED MATERIAL ON WHICH THE MATERIAL CAN BE HEAPED WITHOUT COLLAPSING

Question 43

HYDROSPHERE

Answer 43

97% OF ALL WATER ON EARTH IS OCEANIC WATER

Question 44

OCEANIC WATER

Answer 44

COVERS 70% OF EARTHS SURFACE

Question 45

GROUND WATER

Answer 45

SEEPS UNDERGROUND THROUGH PERMEABLE ROCKS AND ACCUMULATES DIFFERENTLY

Question 46

ZONE OF SATURATION

Answer 46

REGION WHERE WATER IS ALWAYS PRESENT

Question 47

WATER TABLE

Answer 47

REGION ABOVE THE ZONE OF SATURATION WHERE WATER LEVEL CHANGES BASED ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS

Question 48

UNSATURATED ZONE

Answer 48

REGION ABOVE WATER TABLE WHERE WATER ONLY PASSES THROUGH BUT DOES NOT ACCUMULATE

Question 49

EVAPORATION

Answer 49

HEAT FROM THE SUN EVAPORATES WATER FROM OCEANS, LAKES, MOIST SOIL, LEAVES, AND BODIES OF ANIMALS AND HUMANS

Question 50

CONDENSATION

Answer 50

WATER MOLECULES LIQUIFY AND CLING TO DUST PARTICLES IN THE HIGH AIR TO FORM CLOUDS

Question 51

PRECIPITATION

Answer 51

MOISTURE IN THE AIR BECOMES TOO HEAVY AND FALLS BACK ON EARTH; IT CAN BE IN THE FORM OF RAIN, HAIL, OR SNOW

Question 52

ATMOSPHERE

Answer 52

MADE OF LAYERS OF GASSES ENVELOPING THE EARTH; COMPOSED OF NITROGEN (78%), OXYGEN (21%), AND ETC.

Question 53

TROPOSPHERE

Answer 53

LAYER WHERE WEATHER CONDITIONS OCCUR

Question 54

STRATOSPHERE

Answer 54

LAYER WHERE THE OZONE LAYER IS FOUND

Question 55

MESOSPHERE

Answer 55

LAYER WITH LOW TEMPERATURES AND STRONG WINDS; CAN SLOW DOWN METEORS

Question 56

THERMOSPHERE

Answer 56

VERY HOT LAYER DUE TO THE SUN'S RADIATION; GASES ARE NOT UNIFORMLY MIXED

Question 57

EXOSPHERE

Answer 57

THIN OUTER LAYER MADE OF GASES

Question 58

IONOSPHERE

Answer 58

LAYER WHERE IONIZED PARTICLES EXIST; EXIST WITHIN THE THERMOSPHERE AND EXOSPHERE