ANIMAL STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS

Question 1

EPITHELIAL TISSUE

Answer 1

FUNCTIONS: COVERS AND LINES BODY SURFACES AND CAVITIES; PROTECTS AND FORMS DIFFERENT BODY STRUCTURES

CELL TYPES: SQUAMOUS, CUBODIAL, COLUMNAR CELLS

Question 2

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

Answer 2

FUNCTIONS: PROTECTION, STORAGE, SUPPORT, BINDING, AND SYNTHESIS OF BLOOD CELLS

CELL TYPES: CONNECTIVE TISSUE PROPER, LOOSE AND DENSE, CARTILAGE, BONE, ADIPOSE, BLOOD CELLS

Question 3

MUSCLE TISSUE

Answer 3

FUNCTIONS: FUNCTIONS FOR THE MOVEMENT AND CONTRACTION OF VARIOUS PARTS OF THE ORGANISM

CELL TYPES: SKELETAL, SMOOTH, CARDIAC

Question 4

NERVOUS TISSUE

Answer 4

FUNCTIONS: CONTROLS RESPONSES OF THE ORGANISMS TO DIFFERENT STIMULI

CELL TYPES: NEURONS

Question 5

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

Answer 5

RESPONSIBLE FOR THE INTAKE OF FOOD, PROCESSING FOOD INTO NUTRIENTS, AND THE ABSORPTION OF NUTRIENTS

Question 6

MOUTH

Answer 6

MECHANICAL CRUSHING AND TEARING OF FOOD INTO SMALLER PIECES

Question 7

ESOPHAGUS

Answer 7

SERVES AS THE TRANSPORT CHUTE INTO THE STOMACH

Question 8

STOMACH

Answer 8

LARGE ELASTIC SACK WHERE FOOD IS MIXED WITH DIGESTIVE CHEMICALS; SITE FOR DIGESTION OF PROTEINS

Question 9

SMALL INTESTINE

Answer 9

ABSORBS NUTRIENTS FROM THE DIGESTED FOOD; SITE FOR DIGESTION OF FATS

Question 10

LARGE INTESTINE

Answer 10

REABSORBTION OF FLUIDS AND TEMPORARY STORAGE OF UNDIGESTED MATERIALS

Question 11

RED BLOOD CELLS

Answer 11

SMALL ENUCLEATED DISK-SHAPED CELLS CARRYING GASES THROUGHOUT THE BODY

Question 12

WHITE BLOOD CELLS

Answer 12

BODY DEFENSE BY ACTIVELY ELIMINATING HARMFUL INVADING MICROORGANISMS

Question 13

PLATELETS

Answer 13

RESPONSIBLE FOR WOUND REPAIR BY FORMING BLOOD CLOTS

Question 14

PLASMA

Answer 14

YELLOW AQUEOUS LIQUID RESPONSIBLE FOR CIRCULATING DISSOLVED SUBSTANCES

Question 15

ARTERIES

Answer 15

BLOOD VESSELS GOING OUT OF THE HEART (EXCEPT FOR PULMONARY ARTERIES THAT CARRY BLOOD TOWARD THE LUNGS)

Question 16

VEINS

Answer 16

BLOOD VESSELS GOING INTO THE HEART (EXCEPT FOR PULMONARY VEINS THAT CARRY BLOOD BACK TO THE HEART, FROM THE LUNGS)

Question 17

CAPILLARIES

Answer 17

NARROW, NETTED BLOOD VESSELS SURROUNDING TISSUES FOR NUTRIENTS AND GAS EXCHANGE

Question 18

BLOOD FLOW

Answer 18

BODY -> INFERIOR VENA CAVA -> SUPERIOR VENA CAVA -> RIGHT ATRIUM -> RIGHT VENTRICLE -> PULMONARY ARTERY -> LEFT ATRIUM -> LEFT VENTRICLE -> AORTA -> REST OF THE BODY

Question 19

BLOOD TYPES

Answer 19

DETERMINED BY THE PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF CERTAIN ANTIGENS AND ANTIBODIES IN THE BLOOD; THESE COMBINATIONS ALSO DETERMINE WHETHER A PERSON OF A CERTAIN BLOOD TYPE CAN DONATE OR RECEIVE BLOOD

Question 20

NERVOUS SYSTEM

Answer 20

RESPONSIBLE FOR CONTROL OF THE BODILY FUNCTIONS AND RESPONSES TO STIMULI

Question 21

CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

Answer 21

RESPONSIBLE FOR PROCESSING INFORMATION FROM STIMULI AND PROVIDING RESPONSES; INVOLVES THE BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD

Question 22

SPINAL CORD

Answer 22

CONDUCTS IMPULSES AND MESSAGES FROM THE BRAIN TO THE VARIOUS PARTS OF THE BODY

Question 23

PONS

Answer 23

CENTER OF COMMUNICATION AND COORDINATION BETWEEN 2 HEMISPHERES OF THE BRAIN

Question 24

MEDULLA

Answer 24

CONTROLS INVOLUNTARY FUNCTIONS

Question 25

CEREBELLUM

Answer 25

COORDINATES MOVEMENT AND BALANCE

Question 26

HYPOTHALAMUS

Answer 26

MAINTAINS BODY HOMOEOSTASIS

Question 27

CEREBRUM

Answer 27

HIGHER-ORDER FUNCTIONS SUCH AS PERCEPTION, THINKING, VOLUNTARY MOVEMENT, AND LEARNING

Question 28

PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

Answer 28

RESPONSIBLE FOR DETECTING STIMULI FROM THE DIFFERENT SENSORY ORGANS; INVOLVES SENSORY AND MOTOR NERVES

Question 29

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Answer 29

RESPONSIBLE FOR THE EXCHANGE OF GASES

Question 30

NASAL CAVITY

Answer 30

ENTRY POINT OF AIR; FILTERS USING NOSE HAIRS; HOUSES THE SMELL SENSORY ORGAN

Question 31

PHARYNX

Answer 31

SWITCHES FLOW BETWEEN THE TRACHEA AND THE ESOPHAGUS

Question 32

LARYNX

Answer 32

VIBRATES WHEN AIR PASSES THROUGH PRODUCING SOUND; KNOWN AS THE VOICE BOX

Question 33

TRACHEA

Answer 33

PASSAGEWAY OF AIR FROM NASAL CAVITY; SEPARATES INTO 2 BRONCHI THAT SEPARATES INTO SMALLER BRONCHIOLES

Question 34

ALVEOLI

Answer 34

SMALL SACS AT THE END OF BRONCHIOLES WHERE AIR EXCHANGE OCCURS

Question 35

DIAPHRAGM

Answer 35

SHEET OF MUSCLE THAT INFLATES THE LUNGS

Question 36

MUSCULAR SYSTEM

Answer 36

RESPONSIBLE FOR LOCOMOTION OF THE ORGANISM

Question 37

SKELETAL MUSCLES

Answer 37

ATTACHED TO THE BONES; MOVES THE BONES USING MUSCLE PAIRS THAT CONTRACT AND RELAX; TYPICALLY VOLUNTARILY CONTROLLED

Question 38

SMOOTH MUSCLES

Answer 38

SURROUNDS INTERNAL ORGANS THAT REQUIRE MOVEMENT; TYPICALLY INVOLUNTARILY CONTROLLED

Question 39

CARDIAC MUSCLES

Answer 39

MAIN COMPONENT OF THE HEART; PRODUCES THE PUMPING ACTION OF THE HEART

Question 40

SKELETAL SYSTEM

Answer 40

PROVIDES STRUCTURAL SUPPORT TO MANY ORGANISMS

Question 41

BONES

Answer 41

MADE OF PRIMARILY CALCIFIED CELLS; SOME ARE HOLLOW THAT HOUSES BONE MARROW THAT PRODUCES RED BLOOD CELLS; MOSTLY POROUS TO OPTIMIZE WEIGHT AND RIGIDITY

Question 42

TENDONS

Answer 42

SERVES AS CONNECTION BETWEEN MUSCLES AND BONES

Question 43

CARTILAGE

Answer 43

SOFTER MATERIAL THAT SERVES AS GAP FILLERS, AND SHAPE EXTENSIONS; ALSO FOUND IN JOINTS TO REDUCE WEAR BETWEEN THE BONES

Question 44

REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

Answer 44

RESPONSIBLE FOR REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTIONS OF AN ORGANISM; DIFFERENT FOR MALES AND FEMALES

Question 45

EXCETORY SYSTEM

Answer 45

RESPONSIBLE FOR ELIMINATING WASTE FROM THE BODY

Question 46

IMMUNE SYSTEM

Answer 46

RESPONSIBLE FOR PROTECTING THE BODY FROM HARMFUL ORGANISMS THAT INVADE THE BODY

Question 47

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

Answer 47

CHEMICAL CONTROL SYSTEM FOR REGULATING FUNCTIONS IN THE BODY

Question 48

HUMAN SENSORY ORGANS

Answer 48

EYES, EARS, TONGUE, NOSE, SKIN