Geography- Unit 1/ Uk Distinctive Landscapes Flashcards
Relief
The height and shape of the landscape
Upland
An area of over 200m above sea level.
Lowland
An area of land that is lower than the land around it, less than 200m above sea level.
Uk Uplands
Cairngorms
Pennines
Dartmoor
Towards the North of the uk around scotland and wales
Igneous rock
- Cooled molten (crystallized and solidifies) lava
- Intrusive, inside the Earth’s crust, and extrusive, outside the Earth’s crust
- Hard and resistance
Sedimentary rock
- Biochemical, compacted organic matter
- Clastic, compacted rock fragments
-Chemical, generally formed from the evaporation or precipitation of mineral rich waters
-Less resistant to erosion and layered
Metamorphic rocks
Formed from rocks under high pressure and heat.
Where are the lowlands in the uk?
Towards the south near London.
Why are the uplands in the uk?
Made of resistant rock such as graphite e.g graphite columns
Why are the lowlands in the uk?
The south of the uk used to be underwater and is therefore made of weaker sedimentary rock that erodes more easily. -chalk and limestone
Lowlands uk
The fenns
The norfolk broads
Uk Rivers
Ouse
Mersey
Thames
What makes somewhere special?
-Landscape features
-Landmarks
-Local architecture
-Ecosystems and habitats
-Local history
-Cultural features
what is the Distribution of sand dunes like in the uk?
-More sand dunes in the north
-Around the coastlines
-Close in proximity to each other
-Sparse in southern coastlines
Where and what is Snowdonia?
-Glaciated upland area in North wales
-A national park
Snowdonia population?
25,000
How many people visit Snowdonia annually and how much do they spend there?
4.3million and £400million.
Where are the shropshire hills?
The southwest of the England before the border with wales
How does tourism help a rural town?
x5
- Inflow of income
- New employment opportunities ( Hotels and restaurants)
- Share of cultural and geographical knowledge
- House prices in these areas have increased
- New facilities
How does tourism disrupt a rural town? x7
- More traffic and pollution
- Footpath erosion
- Litter
- Increased parking cost
- Invest in tourist shops rather than needed suppliers
- Local cultures can be lost ( Welsh language lost due to visitors)
- People cannot afford homes in these areas due to high house prices.
What does the Lake district park include?
-Scafell Pike, its highest mountain
-Wastwater, its deepest lake
-Thriving communities such as Keswick and Bowness-on-windermere
How many people live in the Lake District?
- 42,400 permanent residents
How many people visit the Lake District and how much do they spend?
- 15.8 million and £925 million
Where is the lake district
North west of england.
How does culture impact a landscape?
- Sense of community, welcoming it is
- Job practices, e.g farming or building
Where is the ouse river?
-North East and runs through Yorkshire.
- It drains the East Midlands
Where is the Mersey River?
-North west of the uk
Where are the fens and what is their size and why is it distinctive vegetation?
- East of England
- Stretches across Lincolnshire, Cambridge and Peterborough
- 400,000 acres
- Marshy region
-250 plant species e.g the rare Fen orchid.
Where is the Norfolk broads, what makes it distinctive?
- East of the uk
- Vast grazing marshes
- Migrating birds spotted here.g waterfowls and wading birds.
Where are the cairngorms what makes it distinctive?
- Ben Nevis (tallest uk mountain-1345m)
- Slightly North in scotland
what is Snowdonia’s distinctive vegetation?
- Rare snowdonian beetle
- Rare snowdonian lily
what is Snowdonia’s distinctive culture?
- Celtic shrines and fortresses
- Welsh language
what is Snowdonia’s distinctive land use?
- Slate mining
- Due to high altitude, it is not good for farming but it suitable for pastoral farming
-Tourism
what is Snowdonia’s distinctive Geology?
- Influenced by volcanic activities
- Volcanic eruptions means it is made of igneous and metamorphic rocks, highland.
- It was also glaciated, further creating a varying landscape as it made u-shaped valleys
- It has a mountain 1058m tall
Where are the Pennines and what makes it distinctive?
- North west of England
- Continuous mountain range
- Near Anglo- Scottish border
Where is Dartmoor and what makes it distinctive?
- Graphite tors
- Southwest England
carrying capacity
the maximum number of people that an environment can sustain
Visitor pressure
the increased impact on the countryside, resources and services due to more visitors.
Honey pot site- A place that attracts lots of visitors and created congestion at peak times.
A place that attracts lots of visitors and created congestion at peak times.
How has the Uk forestry commision and settlesments impacted the landscape?
- Planted many non indigenous tree species after ww1
- Created houses for forestry workers, land cleared of natural vegetation.
How have humans affected the landscape through mining?
- Yorkshire dales
- Heavily quarried limestone
- East anglia
- Almost completely cleared for farming due to its fertile flat land.
