Geography T1 Flashcards
What is the definition of urbanisation?
Large number of people from rural areas combining and traveling towards one area to create a more urban area.
Describe the spatial patterns of urbanisation and provide an example.
- Concentration in coastal areas
- Development along transportation corridors (near highways)
How are economic and social factors connected in urban areas?
*Job opportunities *Housing
*Migration
*Poverty/War
*Culture
*Family and Friends
Analyse the advantages of living in cities.
- Job opportunities
*Better services and Facilities
*Better education
*Better infrastructure
Analyse the disadvantages of living in cities.
*Noise pollution
*Traffic pollution
*Air pollution
*Busy
*Expensive housing
*Overcrowded
Define urban concentration and give an example.
Clustering of population, economic activities, and infrastructure in a specific urban region/area.
Explain the causes of urban concentration in Australia.
*Job opportunities
*Infrastructure
*Amenities (healthcare, education, and cultural attractions)
*Population growth and migration
What is the relationship between population density and proximity to urban centres?
*High density near urban centres
*Transportation and accessibility options
* Economic factors - land value and cost of living are higher in urban areas
*Lifestyle preferences - people prefer quiet, spacious, or busy and loud
Describe the changes in Australia’s population distribution over time.
*Gold Rush
*Wars
*Migration
*73% of Australians lives in urban areas
Explain the changes in settlement patterns for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples.
*European colonization: Many Indigenous people were forcibly removed from their land
*Urbanisation - Many Indigenous people moved to urban areas which led to social challenges and a loss of cultural identity
Explore the social and economic effects of migration in Australia.
Social:
*Cultural diversity
*Population growth
*Social discrimination (racism)
Economic:
*Economic growth - immigrants brings new skill
* Lots of business starts
Explain the main types and patterns of international migration.
*Labor migration
*Forced migration
*Voluntary migration (by choice for education or more)
*Return migration (coming back)
Identify push factors for people in rural towns of Australia.
*Limited employment opportunities - farm work is getting replaced by technology (loss of jobs)
*Access to education
*Healthcare challenges
Identify 5 pull factors for people in cities of Australia.
*Job opportunities
*Education
*Healthcare Services
*Entertainment options
*Public transport
Identify the challenges associated with rural to urban migration. What impact is this migration pattern having on rural towns people are leaving and the cities they are moving to?
*Loss of workfaces in rural areas
*Pressure on urban infrastructure
*Air pollution
*Liveability cost
Identify features of a sustainable city and assess whether cities are currently sustainable.
*Efficient transportation
*Green spaces
*Renewable Energy
*Waste Management
*Affordable housing
What is conurbation?
Extended urban areas.
What are megacities?
Large city with over 10 million people.
What is sea change?
Rural areas to urban areas.
What is tree change?
Urban areas to rural areas.
What is FIFO?
Worker that are not actually settlers in the place they work (Fly-In-Fly-Out)
What are Seasonal agriculture workers?
Workers seasonally for agriculture that are in different seasons
What is Frontier?
Spacy populated region. Rich in resources 3 million over the west coast in Australia.
What is Heartland?
Home to about 19 million people heavily urbanised on the east coast.
