geography mock 2 Flashcards

1
Q

what is a push factor

A
  • a factor that encourages people to leave an area
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

give 6 push factors

A
  • lack of healthcare
  • only basic education
  • war and conflict
  • farming is hard and poorly paid
  • fewer jobs
  • droughts and other climate hazards-reduce crop yield
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is urban greening

A

the process of increasing and preserving open spaces such as public parks and gardens in urban areas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how much of greenspace is in london

A

london is the 3rd greenest city of its size in the world
- 1st in europe
- 60%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the benefits of urban greening

A
  • improve air quality(promotes bikes and trees take in air and help to regulate temperatures)
  • trees act as drainage(reduce risk of flood from the surface run off ,created habitats)
  • help health(place for excerise,improve mental health,happier,improved air quality)
  • increase toursim(gardens/public parks are free to visit,important for visitors)
  • good social activities(increase community,social activities)
    -habitats(home to 13,000 species)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

how does urban greening help the city

A

helps the city to adapt to CC as trees absorb co2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

how many trees are in london

A

8.3 million

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how does urban greening help with food production

A
  • 30,000 allotments
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

how else has london used urban greening

A

green roofs and walls are an essential component of a greener,denser city- help store water,create habitats and greener areas eg.roof gardens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is good about using renewable energy

A
  • good as they wont run out and produce no waste products and no green house gas emmissions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

explain solar power

A
  • energy from the sun
    + excess energy can be sold
  • expensive,depne don sunlight which is unreliable
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

explain tidal energy

A

-currents turn turbines
+ can be reliably predicted
- exoensive,cant generate constant energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

explain wave energy

A

-changing water levels turn turbines
+ usable during winter
- expensive,can harm marine life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

explain wind power

A
  • wind pushes a big turbine,built on land or sea
    + no emissions once built
  • unrelaible,cant generate it all the time
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

why is it goodto use renewable energy in london

A
  • uk ff are running out
  • over 38% of elecricity made by renewables in 2022 in the uk
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

tell me about food and population in the uk

A
  • by 2037, population is expected to rise to 73 million
  • uk has an effiecent and productive farming sector however they are not self sufficinet
17
Q

why does the uk import so much food

A
  • as population grows it becomes less self sufficient and more reliant on foreign imports
  • good trade relationship which allow us access to foreign foods and we have enough money to import products
  • seasonal products are wanted all year round so we have to import.can sometimes be cheaper then buying british products
  • uk climate is harsh can lead to low crop yield which increases price in supermarkets
  • people demand mor choice,as it is a multi cultural society and we can travel around the world
18
Q

what are food miles

A

distance the food is transported from the time of making until it reaches consumer

19
Q

how is the uk responding to food demand

A
  • grow your own-encourage people in urban areas to grow their own food
  • buy locally- increases farmers markets,reduces food miles and supports local business
  • buy seasonal-only buy when in season and we can grow them eg. strawberries in summer
20
Q

what is agribusiness
benefits and issues

A
  • internive farming to maximise food produced .have high levels of investment and use modern technology and chemicals
    ex. lynford house farm
    +maximise profit and productivity
    + 54 million litre reservior to allow the farm to be productive even in very dry months
  • only employs a few workers -1.1% in 2017
  • chemicals can harm environment
21
Q

what is organic produce

A
  • produce grown without chemicals but high lanour costs make it expensive
    eg. riverford organic farm
    + reduces food miles
    +supprts local farmers
    + creates a strong link between grower and consumer encouraging them to buy more
22
Q

what is the problem with importing food

A

increases carbon footprint
10% of emissions came from agriculture

23
Q

what are the impacts of food demand

A

+supports workers with an income
+ supports familiies in LICs
+ taxes from farmers incomes contribute to local services
- farmers are exposed to chemcicals
- less land for locals to grow their own food

24
Q

how is the east village sustainable

A
  • green roofs encourages wildife and absorb co2
  • apartments are energy efficient
  • local bus services connected to undeground
  • ten hectres of parks and 100s of trees
  • WATER-uses 50% less than average urban area.recycling the water filtered and cleaned and used for toilets and crops
  • ENERGY- uses 30% less than other urban areas dut to combined heat and power system, generates electricty and heat through burning biomass
25
Q

how can cities become more sustainable

A
  • improve public transport
  • water and energy consrvation
  • recycle more waste
  • more green spaces
26
Q

explain what water conservation is

A
  • reduces the amount of water used eg, collect rainwater for use in gardens, toilets which flush less water,encourage people to use less, pay for water they use
27
Q

explain what energy conservation is

A

-reduce the use of ff by promoting renewable energy,encourage people to make their homes more efficinet, reduce car use

28
Q

what is the problem with air pollution in lagos

A
  • any old cars which emission lead to poorer air quality
  • burn waste in landfill
  • unregulated industry
29
Q

what are the solutions to air pollution in lagos

A
  • 2017, banned from importing mini generators which stops indiviuals emitting gases
  • world bank encouraged investment of solar power which will cut down use of non renewable like coal and oil
  • new metro rail system to ease traffic congestion so less cars
30
Q

what is the problem with water pollution and supply in lagos

A
  • wells made by residnets can be contaminated by sewage causing disease
  • extracting groundwater is expensive and could be polluted
  • open drains ccarrying water are likely to be unsuitable for drinking
  • water treatment plants are expensive unreliable supply of energy
31
Q

what are the solutions to water pollution and supply in lagos

A
  • regulating water vendors will make sure water is clean,team chacks licenses and inforce fines
  • new ells must have licenses so they dont exhaust water availability
  • illagal digging of wells now criminal,fines invested into improiving water quailty
  • raise $2.7 billion for infrastucture to help improve water quality
32
Q

what are the problems with traffic congestion in lagos

A
  • more commuters using raods that arent fit for purpose in older polluting vehicles
  • no public transport so more cars
  • no schemes to encourage use of public transport or improving roads
33
Q

what are the solution to traffic congestion in lagos

A
  • intergrated transport system help reduce traffic and reduce dependency on cars
  • better walking and cycling areas to encourage people to avoid cars
  • more efficinet road network-separate bus land makes it quicker so more use of public transport
34
Q

what are the problems with waste managment in lagos

A
  • no effective system to sort waste
  • dumped in landfill
    -ended contracts for waste removal in resident areas
  • 20 million people so 9000 tonnes a day
35
Q

what are the solutions to waste managment in lagos

A
  • CLI created to make it cleaner and safer for residents
  • creatio of new landfill sights
  • LAWMA is supervising waste mangament