geography key terms chp 1 and 5 Flashcards
rock
the hard material that makes up earths surface
minerals
Natural compounds that have a chemical name and formula
sedimentary rock
rock formed through sedimentation
igneous rock
rock formed through solidification of molten magma
Metamorphic rock
forms when a rocks basic structure is changed
weathering
the process of brealing down a rock through pressure, temperature, or chemical reactions
physical weathering
Weathering that breaks rocks down into bits
Chemical weathering
Rock that is brocken down by chemical reactions
Deposit
To drop material
Plates
Earths hard outer parts which are broken down into big slabs
Biodiversity
The variety of living things in a place
fertilisers
Substances added to soil to make it more fertile
Bedrock
The solid rock underlying the soil
continental crust
the crust that forms land
oceanic crust
The crust under the ocean
Lithosphere
a hard rigid layer of rock
boundary/margin
the region where 2 plates meet
slab pull
a plate that is moved along by its sinking edge
Diverging
Moving apart
Converging
Moving into eachother
Conservative plate
a margin where plates slide past eachother
Focus
The point where the earhtquake waves have started
Seismic waves
Waves released when an earthwuake occurs
Epicentre
The point directly above the focus on the earths surface
Aftershocks
Little earthquakes as the rock settles into its new position
Magnitude
How much energy an earthquake gives out
Seismometers
Machines used to measure earthquakes
Richter scale
Used to measure magnitude
Tsunami
Waves generated by an earthquake on the ocean floor
