chapter 1 and 5 quiz

Question 1

define rock

Answer 1

the hard material that forms Earths surface

Question 2

when was earths rock first formed

Answer 2

4.5 billion years ago

Question 3

what is rock made of?

Answer 3

rock is a mixture of minerals

Question 4

what is a mineral?

Answer 4

a mineral is a natural compound. minerals mainly exist in crystals

Question 5

what minerals is granit made of?

Answer 5

quartz and feldpsars

Question 6

what minerals are sandstone made of?

Answer 6

mainly quartz, mixed with some feldspars

Question 7

what minerals are limestone made of?

Answer 7

mainly calcite, often mixed with some quartz. (chalk is a form of limestone.)

Question 8

what is the geological name of silicon dioxide?

Answer 8

quartz

Question 9

in which ways does the building industry use rocks?

Answer 9

concrete, cement, and aggregate

Question 10

where do we get metals from?

Answer 10

metal ores

Question 11

which ore do we get aluminium from?

Answer 11

bauxite

Question 12

how does rocks benefit us?

Answer 12

soil for food, buldings, phones, jewlery, concrete

Question 13

what are the 3 rock groups?

Answer 13

sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic

Question 14

how is sedimentary rock formed?

Answer 14

rock gets eroded, these rocks get dumped on the ocean floor as sediment. Over the hears the layer of sediment builds up. The pressed causes the particles to squeeze together and form new rock

Question 15

name 2 sedimentary rocks

Answer 15

mudstone, sandstone (etc)

Question 16

name 2 igneous rocks

Answer 16

granite, basalt (etc)

Question 17

name 2 igneous rocks

Answer 17

basalt, granite (etc)

Question 18

metamorphic rock

Answer 18

marble, slate (etc)

Question 19

what is the kost common rock on earths surface

Answer 19

Igneous

Question 20

types of physical weathering

Answer 20

Heating and cooling. Freeze thaw weathering, reducing pressure, exfoliation, and by living things

Question 21

types of chemical weathering

Answer 21

rain as its slightly acidic

Question 22

How is clay formed

Answer 22

water reacts eith feldspars

Question 23

what happens when rocks containing quartz breaks down

Answer 23

The quartz are set free as sand

Question 24

the speed of rock breaking down depends on?

Answer 24

the climate and the rock

Question 25

hoe is soil formed

Answer 25

when sand and clay are mixed with rotting vegetation

Question 26

Explain the rock cycle

Answer 26

rock at earths surface gets broken down by weathering, these bits are picked up by the rivers and is transports it. The sediments build up and eventually form sedimentary rock. The rock then is forced down to earths crust and turns into a metamorphic rock. This rock then melts and turn into magma. The magma rises and cools to form igenous rock. Some rocks also get raised or uplifted.

Question 27

What drives the rock cycle?

Answer 27

Gravity

Question 28

Where did life first start?

Answer 28

In the sea

Question 29

which appeared first, plants or animals?

Answer 29

Animals

Question 30

Name the kayers of the soil profile

Answer 30

humus (layer of decayed plants and animals, rotting vegetation) topsoil (rich in humus and minerals) Subsoil (very little humus, rich in minerals, roots of trees reach to this layer.) Rock that is being weathered (it has been broken into chunks, very little sign of life are found) Bedrock (solid rock, has not been weathered yet)

Question 31

what does soil provide humans

Answer 31

helps grow our body and provides us food

Question 32

name the layers of the earth

Answer 32

crust, outer mantle, inner mantle, outer core, and inner core

Question 33

What do diverging plates create?

Answer 33

Earthquakes and mountain ridges under water

Question 34

What do converging plates create?

Answer 34

Earthquakes, ocean trenches, and mountains

Question 35

what do conservative plates form?

Answer 35

Earthquakes

Question 36

How are earthquakes formed?

Answer 36

When 2 plates margins/boundaries push into eachother and causes energy to be stored up

Question 37

How thick are the layers of earth?

Answer 37

Crust- 7-70 km thick Outer and inner mantle- 2900 km thick Outer core- 2220 km thick Inner core- 1260 km thick