Geography key knowledge Flashcards
Define globalisation
The process by which the world is becoming increasingly interconnected
Define desertification
The process by which land becomes drier and degraded, as a result of climate change or human activities, or both.
What are the 4 layers of the earth?
Crust
Mantle
Outer core
Inner core
What layer of the earth are convection currents found in?
The mantle
How do convection currents work?
Magma from close to the outer core layer of the earth heats up and becomes less dense. It rises (because it is less dense) and reaches the crust layer where it then cools and sinks again.
What are the three causes of tectonic movement?
Convection currents
Slab pull
Ridge push
What is slab pull?
Slab pull is when denser oceanic plates sink beneath less dense continental plates in subduction zones. The gravitational force of the sinking oceanic plate drags the rest of the oceanic plate along with the portion experiencing slab pull.
What is ridge push?
Ridge push is when magma rises as the plates move apart (constructive plate margin). The magma cools to form new plate material. As it cools It becomes denser and slides down away from the ridge (due to gravity). This causes other plates to move away from each other.
What is intermediate technology?
Intermediate technology is using equipment and techniques that are suitable for the country that they will be used in.
Many poorer countries do not have the skills or money to maintain expensive equipment so small-scale, basic solutions are usually more appropriate and effective.
What is an LIC and an example?
Low income country
e.g. Haiti
What is a HIC and an example?
High income country
e.g. New Zealand
What is a NEE and an example?
Newly emerging economy
e.g. Thar desert (India)
