Geography Bihar Flashcards
Which of the following district is not part of Tirhut Administrative division of Bihar?
- West Champaran
- Muzaffarpur
- Sitamarhi
- Munger
The Bihar state is divided into 9 administrative divisions, 38 districts, 101 subdivisions, 534 circles, 12 municipal corporations, 49 Nagar Parishads, and 80
Panchayats.
• A group of districts forms a division, which is administered by a Divisional Commissioner.
The districts with 9 divisions are as follows:
Division - Headquarters - Districts
1. Patna - Patna - Buxar, Bhojpur, Kaimur, Nalanda,
Patna, Rohtas
2. Magadh - Gaya - Arwal, Aurangabad, Gaya,
Jehanabad, Nawada
3. Tirhut - Muzaffarpur - East Champaran, Muzaffarpur,
Sitamarhi, Sheohar, Vaishali, West
Champaran
4. Saran - Chhapra - Gopalganj, Saran, Siwan
5. Bhagalpur - Bhagalpur - Bhagalpur, Banka
6. Munger - Munger - Begusarai, Jamui, Khagaria,
Lakhisarai, Munger, Sheikhpura
7. Purnea - Purnea - Araria, Katihar, Kish anganj, Purnea
8. Darbhanga - Darbhanga - Darbhanga, Madhubani, Samastipur
9. Kosi - Saharsa - Madhepura, Saharsa, Supaul
Triveni Canal has been constructed for irrigation in which of the following district of Bihar?
- Saran
- Madhepura
- Champaran
- Gopalganj
The correct answer is Champaran.
Key Points
• Triveni Canal:
o Triveni Canal has been constructed on river Gandak.
o It is mainly used for irrigation in northwest Bihar.
o Triveni canal has been constructed for irrigation in the Champaran district of Bihar.
o It was started in 1979.
• Under this project, a 740 m long barrage has been built on the Gandak river near Triveni Ghat.
o It covers the regions of Nepal, Bihar, and Uttar Pradesh.
o In Bihar, It covers districts like Champaran, Saran, Chhapra, Muzaffarpur, Darbhanga, Siwan, and Vaishali.
Additional Information
• Gandak River originates from Nhubine Himal Glacier in the Mustang District in Nepal.
o It is also known as Narayani or Gandaki.
o It is one of the major rivers in Nepal.
• It is a left-bank tributary of the Ganges and joins near Patna just downstream of Hajipur at Sonpur( Harihar Kshetra).
• The Gandak river basin contains 1025 glaciers and 338 lakes.
• Thulagi glacier is one of the famous glaciers of the Gandak river basin
o Trishuli, Budhi Gandak, Seti Gandak, Marshyangdi, Madi, Daraudi, Kali Gandak, and Badigad are the main tributaries of Gandak River,
o Chitwan National Park of Nepal and Valmiki National Park of India are situated around the Gandak Barrage.
What is the percentage of forest cover of Bihar as per ISFR 2021?
- 8.1%
- 5.58%
- 7.84%
- 6.75%
The correct answer is 7.84%-
® Key Points
• As per the ISFR, 2021 Bihar has 7.84% of forest cover of the total geographical area.
• Bihar has a total of 7,380.79 sq km of forest cover Including,
• VDF (Very Dense Forest) 333 sq km,
o MDF (Moderately Dense Forest) 3280 sq km.
o OF (Open Forest) 3693 sq km.
Additional Information
• Minister for Environment, Forest, and Climate Change has released the India State of Forest Report 2021 prepared by the Forest Survey of India (FSI) which has been
mandated to assess the forest and tree resources of the country.
• Key findings of ISFR 2021:
o According to the report, India’s total forest and tree cover is now spread across 80.9 million hectares, which is 24.62% of the geographical area of the country.
o The total tree-and-forest cover in the country includes an increase of 1,540 square kilometres of forest cover and 721 sq km of tree cover compared to the 2019
report.
o
The top five states in terms of increase in forest cover are Andra Pradesh (647 sq km), Telangana (632 sq km), Odisha (537 sq km), Karnataka (155 sq
km), and Jharkhand (110 sq km). Hence option B is the correct answer.
• The gain in forest cover or improvement in forest canopy density may be attributed to better conservation measures, protection, afforestation activities, tree
plantation drives, and agroforestry
o Area-wise, Madhya Pradesh has the largest forest cover in the country followed by Arunachal Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, and Maharashtra.
o The report also added that the northeast did not show positive results as the current assessment showed a decrease of forest cover to the extent of 1,020 sq km in
the region.
o Arunachal Pradesh lost the maximum forest cover of 257 sq km, followed by Manipur which lost 249 sq km, Nagaland 235 sq km, Mizoram 186 sq km, and
Meghalaya 73 sq km.
o The Kanha to Navegaon-Nagzira-Tadoba-Indravati corridor has the highest area under Very Dense Forest’ comprising 857.65 sq km.
Which of the following district of Bihar is least densely populated?
- Gopalganj
- Sheohar
- Kaimur
- Madhepura
The correct answer is Kaimur.
Key Points
• Most densely populated district: Sheohar 1,882 (persons per square kilometre).
• Least densely populated district: Kaimur 488 (persons per square kilometre).
Additional Information
• At the 2011 Census, Bihar was the third most populous state of India with a total population of 104,099,452, nearly 89% of it rural.
• It was also India’s most densely populated state, with 1,106 persons per square kilometre.
• The sex ratio was 918 females per 1000 males.
Almost 58% of Bihar’s population was below 25 years of age, which is the highest in India.
• At 11.3%, Bihar has the second-lowest urbanisation rate in India after Himachal Pradesh.
As per the 2011 Census, Hinduism is practised by 82.7% of the population and Islam was recorded as a region of 16.9% of the total population. Christianity (0.12%),
Buddhism (0.02%) and Sikhism (0.02%) is minority in religion in Bihar.
• Most of Bihar’s population belongs to Indo-Aryan-speaking ethnic groups.
• It also attracted Punjabi Hindu refugees during the Partition of British India in 1947.
Bihar has a total literacy rate of 63.82% (73.39% for males and 53.33% for females), recording a growth of 20% in female literacy over the preceding decade.
Which of the following tribe is not found in Bihar?
- Kharwar
- Koraga
- Munda
- Oraon
The correct answer is Koraga.
The Koraga are a tribal community found mainly in the Dakshina Kannada, Udupi districts of Karnataka and the Kasaragod district of Kerala, south India.
Key Points
• There are 30 tribes that have been notified as scheduled tribes in Bihar.
• As per the 2001 Census, the tribal population in Bihar was 758,351, that is, 0.9 % of the total population (8.2 crores) of the state.
The most numerous Scheduled Tribes are the Santhal, Oraon, Munda, Ho, Kharwar, Kharia, and Bhumij which constitute about 86% of the total tribal population of tt
state
• It is noted that at the district level, more than the three-fourth tribal population of Banka, Jamui, Kishanganj, Araria, and Madhepura are Santhal. Since Santhal(
be found in Banka district.
• It is noted that Munda has their highest concentration in Katihar districts, however, they constitute only 4.3% total tribal population of the district. Since Munda are no
found in Jamui.
Oraon has its highest proportion (70%) to the total ST population in the Supaul district. Since Oraon can be found in Supaul.
• Kharwar have their maximum concentration in Bhagalpur district, Gond in Siwan district followed by Bhojpur and Kaimur (Bhabhua) districts. Since Kharwar can be fr
in Bhagalpur.
Since there is more than one pair which is correct. Hence, option 5 is marked.
Additional Information
• District-wise distribution of the ST population shows that Katihar district has the highest proportion of STs (5.9%) followed by Jamui (4.8%), Banka (4.7%), and Purnia
(4.4%).
Sheohar district has the lowest proportion of the STs (0.01%), preceded by Darbhanga and Khagaria (0.03% each).
Karail-Kewal Soil is not found in which of the following districts of Bihar?
- Bhagalpur
- Munger
- Gaya
- West Champaran
The correct answer is West Champaran.
Key Points
• Karail-Kewal Soil: This is heavy clay soil (alkaline feature)
• This soil is found in Rohtas to Gaya, Aurangabad, Jahanabad, Munger, and Bhagalpur.
• This soil is best suited for rice and rabi crops like wheat, linseed, pulses, and gram.
Additional Information
Piedmont Swamp Soil: This soil is swallowing too deep over bedrocks and pebbles
o Swamp soil is mostly clayey, rich in organic matter and neutral reaction.
• This is mostly found in the Northwestern Champaran district.
, Terai Soil: Terai soil is grey to yellow and neutral to moderately acidic in reaction.
o The soil of lowland Terai is more fertile than upland terai. This is mostly found in the northern part of Bihar nearby the border of Nepal and the foothill of the
Himalayas.
Gangetic Alluvium Soil: It is generally fertile in Bihar plain but regular tillage without application of manure has cost low organic content.
o Gangetic alluvium soil is mostly loamy with varying thicknesses.
o It is thicker towards the north and thinner towards the south.
Which of the following are not the tributaries of Karmanasa river?
- Khajuri
- Karunuti
- Durgavati
- Kanhar
The correct answer is Kanhar.
• Kanhar is the chief tributary of Son river.
Key Points
• Karmanasa river originates from the Rohtas Platea.
• It joins the river Ganga near Chausa forming Bihar and Uttar Pradesh border for a long distance.
Tributaries of river Karmanasa are,
o Durgavati,
o Nadi.
• Chandraprabha,
Karunuti, and
o Khajuri
• Son River of central India is the second largest of the Ganges’ southern tributaries after the Yamuna River.
• Son River is a multi-state river which flows through Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Bihar, and Jharkhand.
• It originates from the Amarkantak region of Madhya Pradesh and flows up to Bihar and gets merged into Ganga.
• The chief tributaries of Son River are:
• Rihand River
• North Koel River
o Kanhar
Which of the following waterfall is on the Durgavati River?
- Karkat waterfall
- Telhar Waterfall
- Kakolat waterfall
- Manjhar Kund
The correct answer is Telhar Waterfall.
Key Points
• Telhar Waterfall:
• Telhar is the name of a waterfall located in the Kaimur district of Bihar, India.
o The fall is located close to the origins of the Durgavati River.
o It is only a few kilometres from the Durgavati reservoir project.
• Durgavati River:
- The Durgavati River (also called Durgaoti or Durgautifand spelt as Durgawati) which flows through the Kaimur district in the Indian state of Bihar, is a
tributary of the Karmanasa River.
Additional Information
• Kakolat Waterfall
o Located in the Nawada district of Bihar.
o Kakolat Waterfall gushes down the hilly terrains from the height of 160 feet and creates a large pool at its base, which is the prime attraction of the waterfall.
o It is also the place where Pandavas came and relieved the Treta Yug King from the curse of living a python life.
• Hence, it is believed that anyone taking a bath in the waters of Kakolat Waterfall will definitely be free from taking birth in the form of a snake
• Karkat Waterfall
o Located in the Kaimur Hills in the Kaimur district of Bihar.
o It is surrounded by dense vegetation, and diverse wildlife, and hence, the region around the waterfall also houses Kaimur Wildlife Sanctuary.
Manjhar Kund
o Situated near the historical site of Sarasam in the Rohtas district of Bihar.
o Manjhar Kund is mostly visited during the months of August and September when the reservoir of the waterfall at its base gets filled with immense water due to
the heavy rainfall.
With reference to the 2011 census, the total population of Bihar is how much percent of the total population of India in 2011?
- 10.5%
- 8.9%
- 8.7%
- 8.6%
The correct answer is 8.6%
Key Points
• As per details from Census 2011, Bihar has a population of 10.41 Crores, an increase from the figure of 8.30 Crore in the 2001 census.
The total population of Bihar as per the 2011 census is 104,099,45 of which males and females are 54,278,157 and 49,821,295 respectively.
In 2001, total population was 82,998,509 in which males were 43,243,795 while females were 39,754,714.
• The total population growth in this decade was 25.42% while in the previous decade it was 28.43%.
• The population of Bihar forms 8.60% of India in 2011.
In 2001 the population of Bihar forms 8.70% of India.
Hematite iron-ore is found in which of the following distict of Bihar?
- Gaya
- Bhagalpur
- Jamui
- Madhubani
The correct answer is Bhagalpur
Key Points
• Major Bihar minerals
o Minerals are the basis of state industrialization and development. Bihar’s major minerals are discussed below:
o Iron-ore
- Its deposits are found in Gaya, Bhagalpur and Jamui.
Magnetite iron-ore variety is found in Gaya and Jamui, while hematite iron-ore is found in the Bhagalpur district.
o Bauxite
- It is an important aluminium mineral. It is not a specific mineral, but a rock of hydrated aluminium oxides
- It is found in Munger’s Kharagpur hills. This region is estimated to have 1,5 million tons of high-quality bauxite deposits.
- It is found in Munger and Rohtas distict.
o Manganese
- Manganese is a metal supplement found in the sedimentary Dharwar period as natural ash. It is not found as a free element in nature but is often found in iro
connected minerals.
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- It is found in Munger and Gaya district.
Which of the following range forms Nepal-India’s international border?
- Purnia range
- Aurangabad range
- Someshwar range
- Katihar range
The correct answer is the Someshwar range.
Key Points
• Someshwar range
o This range was formed in Tertiary.
• These hills are located in the North Gangetic plain, surrounding Bihar’s North-West part.
o It is the northern range from where the Triveni canal begins and ends near Bhikhna Thori pass.
o This range forms Nepal -India’s international border. Hence, Option 3 is correct.
o There are many river passes such as Someshwar, Bhikhna Thori, and Marwat passes formed by Turipani, Kudi, and Harha rivers.
• The highest state peak, Someshwar fort [880 m] is in this range.
Additional Information
• Doon Ramnagar
o This broken hilly range lies south of the Someshwar hills. The highest peak is near Santpur [242 m].
0
Ramnagar Doon has many smaller hills. It can be seen in the form of the Southern range.
• The Harha Valley lies northeast of Ramnagar Doon.
• Haha Valley
• This valley ranges from Someshwar to Ramnagar. It is also known as ‘Doon Valley,’
Which of the following place of Bihar is not part of National Waterway 1 (NW-1)?
- Khagaria
- Patna
- Buxar
- Bhagalpur
Key Points
• The National Waterway 1 or Ganga-Bhagirathi-Hooghly river system is located in India and runs from Prayagraj in Uttar Pradesh to Haldia in West Bengal via
Buxar, Patna and Bhagalpur in Bihar across the Ganges river.
• It is 1,620 km long, making it the longest waterway in India.
• It passes through the states of West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand, and Bihar.
• It is declared a national waterway in October 1986.
• National waterways are for the purpose of inland water transport for Cargo as well as the passenger.
• It is managed by the Inland waterways authority of India under National Waterways Act 2016.
Additional Information
• The Government is working to develop inland waterways as an alternative mode of transport in the country, which is cleaner and cheaper than both road and rail transport.
• There are 111 National Waterways in the country today after 106 waterways were declared as National Waterways, adding to the list of 5 existing NW, in 2016.
• Few Important waterways-
o National Waterway-1: Ganga-Bhagirathi-Hooghly River System (Haldia - Allahabad).
o National Waterway 2: Brahmaputra River (Dhubri - Sadiya)
o National Waterway 3: West Coast Canal (Kottapuram - Kollam), Champakara and Udyogmandal Canals
o National Waterway 4 (Phase-l: Vijaywada to Muktyala)
• The Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAl) is working on developing the new National Waterways and enhancing their navigational potential
Which of the following is not a part of Shiwalik range of Bihar?
- Jethian hill
- Ramanagar doon
- Someshwar range
- Harha valley
The correct answer is Jethian hill.
Key Points
Physiographical division of Bihar:
• It is mainly divided into three physiographic units. The division is made based on physical and structural conditions:
• Shiwalik range: Shiwalik range shadows Bihar from the Northern part of West Champaran district over an area 32 km long and 6-8 km wide and it is further sub-divided
into three parts based on variation:
• Ramanagar doon
• Someshwar range
o Harha valley.
• Bihar plain: Bihar plain is located between Northern Mountains and Southern Plateau region which is bounded by a 150m contour line in the North as well as in the
South.
• Southern plateau region: Southern plateau region is located between Kaimur districts in the West to Banka in the East.
o This is made up of hard rocks such as gneiss, schist, and granite.
• The southern plateau region is blessed with many conical hills that are made up of batholim like Pretshil, Ramshila, and Jethian hill.
Sita kund hot spring is located in which of the following district of Bihar?
- Munger
- Bhagalpur
- Sitamarhi
- Jahanabad
The correct answer is Munger.
® Key Points
‘Sita Kund’ hot spring is in the Munger district of Bihar.
Sita Kund is known for its hot springs.
• Sita-Kund place is the honour of being the birthplace of the Hindu Goddess, Sita.
• It contains hot springs known as Sita Kund, besides this there is a Hindu temple and to the north is a reservoir of cold water, known as Ramkund, while to the west there
were three more polls called after the three brothers of Ram, namely Lakshman Kund, Bharat Kund, and Shatrughan Kund.
Which of the following district is not part of North-East Agro climatic zone of Bihar?
- Saran
- Katihar
- Purina
- Kishanganj
The correct answer is Saran.
Key Points
• Bihar has 3 Agro-Climatic zones based on soil characteristics, rainfall, temperature and terrain.
• Agro-Climatic Zone I - North-West zone, consisting of 13 districts with an annual rainfall of 1040mm to1450mm and sandy or sandy-loam soil.
o Begusarai, Champaran, Darbhanga, Gopalganj, Madhubani, Muzaffarpur, Samastipur, Saran, Sheohar, Sitamarhi, Siwan and Vaishali
• Agro-Climatic Zone Il - North-East zone, covering 8 districts having an annual rainfall of 1200mm to 1700mm and loam or clay-loam soil.
• Araria, Katihar, Khagaria, Kishanganj, Madhepura, Purina, Saharsa and Supaul.
• Agro-Climatic Zone Ill A - Southern East, covering 6 districts having an annual rainfall of 990 mm to 1240mm and sandy-loam, loam or clay-loam soil.
o Banka, Bhagalpur, Jamui, Lakhisarai, Munger and Sheikhpura
• Agro-Climatic Zone Ill B - Southern West, covering 11 districts having an annual rainfall of 990 mm to 1240mm and sandy-loam, loam or clay-loam soil
o Arwal, Aurangabad, Bhabhua, Bhojpur, Buxar, Gaya, Jehanabad, Nalanda, Nawada, Patna, Rohtas
