Geography AS Unit 2 Crowded Coasts Flashcards

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1
Q

Define eustatic and isostatic

A

Eustatic - sea level change caused by change in volume of water in sea or ocean basis - tectonic movements/climate change
Isostatic - sea level change caused by vertical movements of land relative to sea

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2
Q

Impacts of sea level change

A

more frequent + severe coastal flooding
submergence of low-lying islands
changes in coastline

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3
Q

4 options for coastal management

A
  1. hold the line - maintain defence
  2. advance the line - build new coastal defences further out to the sea
  3. do nothing - build no coastal defences
  4. retreat the line - build no coastal defence, but move people away from coast
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4
Q

Hard engineering

A

sea wall - expenisve build and maintain, reflects waves, creates strong backwash =erode under wall
groynes - cheap, fences built at angle, trap beach material and transport by ls drigt = wide beach = slower waves/damaged by stores
gabions - cheap, absorb wave energy, ugly

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5
Q

Soft engineering

A

beach nourishment - food added to beach, wide beach = reduce erosion
dune regeneration - sand dunes created or restored, batter/absorb wave energy

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6
Q

Waves

A

constructive - low frequency, low+long, elliptical cross profile, powerful swash = carries beach material and deposits it, weak backwash
destructive - high frequency, high+steep, circular cross profile, strong backwash weak swash = removes material

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