Geography 2

Question 1

What is the Vision Mumbai Project?

Answer 1

TheVision Mumbai projectis improving living conditions in Dharavi by replacing squatter settlements with higher quality flats. With thisproject, there would be more schools, more shops, better health care centers, better roads and more jobs. It is hoped that it will be completed by 2050

Question 2

Why was the Vision Mumbai Project needed?

Answer 2

The basic problem it tried to solve was Mumbai’s worsening quality of life. Slums have multiplied, and traffic congestion, pollution and water quality are all worse than in 2000.

Question 3

Benefits of the Vision Mumbai Project?

Answer 3

By 2007, 200,000 people were moved, and 45,000 homes demolished in Dharavi. New flats replaced slums.
By 2015, 72 new trains were introduced on Mumbai’s railways. Platforms were raised to prevent people falling into the ‘gaps’ between trains and platforms – the cause of many deaths.
Piped water and sewerage systems were established for new flats.

Question 4

Costs of the Vision Mumbai Project?

Answer 4

New 14-storey apartment blocks have split communities.
Small workshops would have to move or go out of business, affecting Mumbai’s recycling industry.
Rents cost more than in the slums.

Question 5

Urbanisation

Answer 5

the process of making an area more urban (Making it have characteristics of a city, e.g making more buildings)

Question 6

Rural meaning?

Answer 6

in, relating to, or characteristic of the countryside rather than the town.

Question 7

What are push and pull factors?

Answer 7

Push factors describe the reasons that individuals might emigrate from their homes, including poverty, lack of social mobility, violence, or persecution. Pull factors describe the reasons that an individual might settle in a particular country.

Question 8

2 enviornmental challenges caused by urbanisation.

Answer 8

Deforestation and Habitat Loss: Expanding urban areas often require clearing forests and natural habitats, leading to loss of biodiversity and disruption of ecosystems.
Air Pollution: Increased vehicle emissions, industrial activities, and construction contribute to poor air quality, leading to health issues such as respiratory problems and contributing to climate change.

Question 9

Where is mumbai?

Answer 9

Mumbai is a major city located on the western coast of India, in the state of Maharashtra.

Question 10

What is a city with a population of 10 million people or more called?

Answer 10

A city with a population of 10 million people or more is called a megacity.

Question 11

Slum

Answer 11

A slum/shanty town: a densely populated usually urban area marked by crowding, run-down/self-made housing, poverty, and social disorganisation.

Question 12

What is Dharavi?

Answer 12

Dharavi is an area in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, considered to be one of Asia’s largest slums. Dharavi has an area of just over 2.1 square kilometres and a population of about 1,000,000.

Question 13

Air pollution - Dharavi issue

Answer 13

Question 14

Poor sanitation - Dharavi issue

Answer 14

Question 15

Unreliable Supply of Water - Dharavi issue

Answer 15

Question 16

Traffic Congestion - Dharavi Issue

Answer 16

Question 17

What is rural urban migration?

Answer 17

It is when people move from the countryside (rural) to a city or town (urban)

Question 18

Why are cities growing in population (use push and pull factors)

Answer 18

Lack of job opportunities
More access to shops and services
better access to healthcare services
Better access to education
Better access to energy supply

Question 19

Why do cities grow?

Answer 19

Natural increase
People migrate
Often 20-30 year old
Can start families
Birth rate increase = internal growth
Urban population rises
Rural-urban migration
Push factors -few jobs + poverty

Pull factors - more jobs, education, healthcare, money, access to energy and water, access to shops and services

Question 20

Environmental issues for a rapidly growing city such as Mumbai?

Answer 20

Air pollution from growing industries
Housing shortages leading to the unplanned growth of slums – leading to diseases being spread easily
More deforestation

Question 21

Social issues with the rapid growth of Mumbai

Answer 21

Traffic congestion and sanitation issues

Question 22

Economic issues with the rapid growth of Mumbai

Answer 22

Limited governmental jobs to be given out

Question 23

Informal economy?

Answer 23

An informal economy (informal sector) is the part of any economy that is neither taxed nor monitored by any form of government. Some work in the informal sector is illegal sources of income

Question 24

Disadvantages for the informal economy?

Answer 24

However, there are disadvantages to the informal sector! Here there is no minimum wage, the workers are unlikely to pay taxes, have no holiday rights and often work in dangerous or hazardous conditions

Question 25

Higher wages - Opportunities

Answer 25

In the city of Mumbai there is a higher income available to people in comparison to the countryside where there are limited opportunities for work. Wages are usually higher in the city also.

Question 26

Better healthcare - Opportunities

Answer 26

Access to education and healthcare is easier in Mumbai than in surrounding rural areas

Question 27

3) Chance to earn money in the informal sector - Opportunities

Answer 27

There is an opportunity for people to work in the informal sector and earn money, however this may be a challenge also! However these people may not always get customers.

Question 28

4) Dharavi is Mumbai’s Recycling machine!

Answer 28

With 15,000 factories dedicated torecyclingand sorting Mumbai’s waste,Dharaviemploys 250,000 people just for this. 80% of Mumbai’s solid waste isrecycledand given new life withinDharavi, an awesomerecyclingmachine

Question 29

5) Community Spirit

Answer 29

In poorer slum areas such as Dharavi there is often considerable community spirit

Question 30

6) Shops and Leisure

Answer 30

There are many high-class shopping districts in Mumbai, often aimed at tourists as well as the growing middle class. There is also a lot of music, theatre and entertainment available