Geography Flashcards
What is development?
Measuring how developed one county is compared to other countries or the country in the past
What is GNI per capita?
Gross National Income per capita, the value of the countries goods and services, divided by the country’s total population
What is GDP per capita?
Gross Domestic Product per capita, is the total value of goods and services produced within a country in a year divided by the population of the country
Which organisation classifies countries as HIC, LIC and NEE?
The United Nations
The organisation which uses GNI per capita to measure development?
The World Bank
Why is GNI per capita measured in US$?
So that all countries can be compared easily and because this is the currency used in most international trade transactions
What is HDI?
The human development index measures development depending on the GNI per capita, life expectancy and literacy rate of a country, to give a value between 0 and 1, 1 being the most developed.
Why is HDI better than a single development indicator?
HDI takes in account three development indicators, which gives a better idea of the development of the country better than a single development indicator which could give a wrong idea of the development of a country
What is the ecological footprint?
How much of the earth’s surface a country needs to produce their sources and to leave them
Location
Environmental
Natural hazards
Environmental
War
Social
Politics
Economic
Climate
Environmental
Gender inequality
Social
Access to education and healthcare
Economic
Why is Yemen the poorest country in the Middle East?
War - main reason (The eight-year-old conflict in Yemen is between the internationally recognized government, which is backed by a Saudi-led military coalition, and Houthi rebels supported by Iran)
- This has caused a blockade on food imports (as war prevents food entering the country), which has led to
- famine, malnutrition, and starvation.
- lack of access to good health care and therefore high levels of disease and sickness
- Many people cannot afford food due to high prices and unemployment rates (not much work due to the war)
What is aid
The help other countries provide to a country in need, could be health care, food, money. There is long term aid, and short term aid
What is fair trade
Is a worldwide movement that aims to help farmers and producers in developing countries. The term fair trade means that they obtain a fair price and suitable working conditions for the goods they produce
What are the potential problems with aid
A country could become dependent on the aid other countries provide, meaning they cannot develop as they depend on an others country help for their development.
What are the benefits of long term aid.
Long term aid is the help another country receives that can be beneficial for a long period of time. This means that if a country is given a long term aid, they could develop from this and no need any more aid from others
