geographical methods (4. how do we present findings using maps) Flashcards
what are some map symbols that are commonly used
dots, lines and polygons
(it is common to find all three symbols on a single map)
dots
dots or points are typically used to represent discrete features like a tree of a location of a shop
lines
lines are used to represent roads, paths or other continuous features
polygons
polygons are used to represent boundaries such as parks, schools or countries
some things found on a map
title
orientation
legend
mapscale
title
provides some detail about the maps content which could include the year and the data source
orientation
usually aligned with the compass arrow pointing in the direction of north
legend
usually consists of texts and graphics, may contain additional details such as the source of the data or the date the data was collected
map scale
provided to help readers understand its relative size and distance, as maps are reduced to the visual representations of the real world
one way quantitative data can be presented
using graphs
graphs
useful i’m interpreting data for analysis as well as presenting the data findings
what affects the choice of graphical presentation
the type of quantitative data
**(refer to worksheet for mind map)
bar graphs and pie charts can be used to
show the frequency distribution in numerical data from fieldwork
what is frequency distribution
the number of observations within a given interval
x and y axis of a bar graph
x axis shows the various categories
y axis shows the frequency
pie charts can be used to show
proportional representation
line graphs
presents fieldwork findings with numerical values to show trends and relationships
line graphs are useful
to present data with continuous variables
direct relationship in a graph
as one variable increases in value, the other variable also increases in value
inverse relationship in a graph
as one variable increases in value, the other variable decreases in value
what type of data do bar graphs and pie charts show
quantitative data with discrete categories
what do bar graphs and pie charts show
frequency distribution / total values by categories (counting)
what type of data does line graphs represent
quantitative data with continuous variables
what do line graphs show
trends and relationships
- trends over time
- relationships between 2 variables
(measuring)
how can qualitative data be presented
using photographs and texts
why are photographs and texts useful in supporting fieldwork finds
they help capture many physical and human features, and landscapes studied in geography
