Geog 3 Flashcards
Explain what random sampling is?
Random areas generated from random number generator and applying to a grid.
Positive of random sampling?
Avoids bias, no subjectivity involved
Negative of random sampling?
Cannot see changes over distance, data is not comparable
Explain Stratified sampling?
Using prior knowledge to select chosen areas
Positive of stratified sampling?
Can select two different areas to allow for greater comparison
Negative of stratified sampling?
Cannot reflect all differences for all areas
Explain what systematic sampling is?
Samples are chosen in a regular way
Positive of systematic?
Changes over distance can be identified
Negative of systematic?
Greater risk of data manipulation (could arrange area tested to allow for wanted data to be achieved)
Pro and Con of GIS map?
+ easy to compare data
- not 100% accurate
Pro and con of line graph?
+ easy to compare data
- hard to construct depending on scale
pro and con of scatter graph?
+ shows data over a spread of time
- inaccurate if scale is wrong
pro and con of compound bar chart?
+ shows change over time
- only shows one type of data
pro and con of chloropleth maps?
+ Helpful for comparing between different locations
- can give false impression about abrupt change at boundary’s of area
How many boris bikes hired in 2021?
11 million
How much does a boris bike cost for 30 mins of unlimited riding
£2
How much is congestion charge in Birmingham?
£8
How much is congestion charge London?
£11.50
In London, how much has traffic entering the clean air zone decreased by?
27%
How much does a West Midlands bus pass cost per month?
£50
How much does a person spend on petrol per year?
£1272
What is an advantage of building on greenfield sites?
Cheaper to develop compared to brownfield
What is a disadvantage of building on greenfield sites?
Loss of farmland/ open space
What is an advantage of building on brownfield sites?
Reduces loss of countryside elsewhere
What is a disadvantage of building on brownfield sites?
No EU funding for redeveloping the sites
How many national parks in the UK?
15
How many visitors do national parks in wales receive per year?
11 million
Name one solution to the 2 speed economy?
HS2 railway - transport link between north and south
Over the past 50 years, how much has services provided by ecosystems declined by?
30%
In 2014, how many homes could’ve been built on available brownfield sites?
200,000
How much did pollutants drop by in Londons clean air zone?
12%
How much money do Englands national parks contribute to the economy?
between £4.1 billion and £6.3 billion
How much does footpath maintenance in the Brecon Beacons National Park cost annually?
£100,000
What’s the difference between house prices in the north and south of England
£163,000
What does the Northern powerhouse do?
develops new modern naufacturing industries, this encourages businesses and industries to move up north however little money has been put in so far
How many more jobs in the north since the northern powerhouse?
287,000
How many turbines does the London array have?
175
How much CO2 saved per year due to london array?
925,000 tonnes
What have Leicester city council done to reduce emissions from cars?
Set a 20 mph speed limit in urban areas
How many electric car charging points have Durham county council installed?
160
