Genome size and architecture - Week 16

Question 1

What is a genome

Answer 1

All the genetic material of an organism

Question 2

Does genome size increase with genetic complexity of the organism?

Answer 2

Nah bruh

Question 3

How do eukaryotes produce more than one protein per gene

Answer 3

alternative splicing of RNA transcripts

Question 4

What are transposons?

Answer 4

Spread across the genome

Can move from site to site in a cell DNA

Question 5

DNA transposons are:

RNA transposons (AKA retrotrasposons) are:

Answer 5

Cut and paste jumps - transposase binding enzyme

Copy and paste binding - reverse transcriptase enzyme

Question 6

DNA and RNA transposons both result in what?

Answer 6

Interrupted DNA sequences

Question 7

Alu elements are what?

Answer 7

retrotransposons

large portion primate genome, help regulate gene expression

Question 8

What is junk/ selfish DNA

Answer 8

none coding DNA allegedly has no function 58% genome is repetitive sequences

Question 9

What is epigenetics ?

Answer 9

Heritable;e changes of genetic info not caused by changes in DNA sequencing

Question 10

What is phenotypic plasticity?

Answer 10

single genome with different phenotypes that can be expressed (worker bee/ queen bee)

Question 11

What are histone modifications?

Answer 11

Chemical modifications of histones change the folding of DNA

- methyl groups etc

Question 12

Week 16 notes a bit dry - check notes during test

Answer 12

Week 16 notes a bit dry - check notes during test