Genome Evolution

Question 1

HGT

Answer 1

parent to child
bacteria (conjugation/ ab resistance)

Question 2

bacteria with more genes

Answer 2

bradyrhizobium (nitrogen fixing bacteria)
-8317 genes
-23% of genes not found in other nit fixing bacteria

Question 3

bacteria with less genes

Answer 3

buchnera (endosymbiont of aphids)
-620 genes
-no genes for non essential aa, buchnera can get from aphid
-no genes for cell surface/ motility

Question 4

TES

Answer 4

1. can increase fitness of mobile element in population of genes in genome
2. Most mobile elements contain only the sequences required to transpose, or move, from one location to another in the genome; this is why they are often referred to as transposable elements or transposons.
3. vary bw ind of same species

Question 5

introns

Answer 5

1. 1-2 per genome (euk)
2. 5-8 (vertebrate)
3. alternative splicing depending on the tissue
4. allows greater variation without need for more genes

Question 6

alpha tropomyosin

Answer 6

4 kinds, alpha beta gamma sigma
around 25 coding regions out of one gene family after alternative splicing.