***Genital Tract And Bladder Ultrasound

Question 1

The MYOMETRIUM is ____ echogenicity, with the ENDOMETRIUM distinctly more ______

Answer 1

Midlevel; echogenic

Question 2

Innermost myometrium

Answer 2

Junction zone *may appear as a thin hypoechoic layer adjacent to the echogenic endometrial stripe

Question 3

Maximum normal UTERINE dimensions in the adult woman (L x W x AP diameter)

Answer 3

9 x 6 x 4 cm *following menopause, the uterus atrophies to approx. 6 x 2 x 2 cm

Question 4

The prepubertal, infantile, uterus is _____ shaped

Answer 4

CIGAR

Question 5

CERVIX makes up about ___the length of the uterus in the ADULT woman and about ___ of the length of the uterus in the PREPUBERTAL girl

Answer 5

1/3; 2/3s

Question 6

Normal uterine positions in the pelvis include: A. Tilted forward - most common B. Tilted backward toward the sacrum C. Folded anteriorly D. Folded posteriorly

Answer 6

A. Anteverted B. Retroverted C. Anteflexed D. Retroflexed *retroverted or retroflexed uterus appears more globular on transabdominal scanning

Question 7

Normal ____ appears a flattened muscular tube with echogenic mucosa

Answer 7

Vagina

Question 8

Defined by the added thickness of the anterior and posterior endometrium

Answer 8

Endometrial thickness

Question 9

At the end of menstruation, the endometrium is _____

Answer 9

Discrete and thin (2-3mm)

Question 10

During the proliferation phase, the endometrium assumes a three-line appearance ______ mm thick

Answer 10

4 to 8

Question 11

Part of the endometrium which will thicken and eventually slough with menstruation

Answer 11

Functional endometrium

Question 12

At midcycle, the endometrium normally measures _____ mm in double layer thickness

Answer 12

8 to 10

Question 13

From ovulation to menstruation thru the secretory phase, the endometrium progressively thickens up to ___ mm and becomes more uniformly echogenic

Answer 13

14

Question 14

In the Normal postmenopausal woman, the echogenic endometrium does NOT exceed ___ mm in thickness

Answer 14

5 to 7

Question 15

Refers to the ovaries , Fallopian tubes, broad ligament, and ovarian and uterine vessels

Answer 15

Adnexa

Question 16

Appears in UTZ as oval soft tissue structures with multiple small cystic foci

Answer 16

Ovaries

Question 17

Average ovary size

Answer 17

4 x 3 x 2 cm, with a maximum of 5cm in any one dimension

Question 18

Ovary size during: A. Following menstruation B. Estrogen phase C. Midcycle

Answer 18

A. Less than 5 mm B. 10-15 mm C. 20-30 mm (one dominant follicle)

Question 19

Hemorrhage into the corpus luteum or any follicle produces ____

Answer 19

Hemorrhagic functional cyst

Question 20

Ovaries usually lie in a shallow ovarian fossa in the angle between the _____ anteriorly and the _____ posteriorly with the Fallopian tubes draped over and around them

Answer 20

External iliac vessels ; ureter

Question 21

Maximum ovarian volume in postmenopausal woman

Answer 21

6 cc *in infants up to 24 months of age, ovaries are small with a mean volume of 1cc and a maximum volume of 3cc

Question 22

Formed by rupture and collapse of the dominant follicle during ovulation

Answer 22

Normal corpus lutea

Question 23

Color Doppler shows an intensely vascular “RING OF FIRE”

Answer 23

Normal corpus lutea

Question 24

Normal testis is ovoid and smooth , measuring approx. ___ cm in length and ___ cm in diameter

Answer 24

3.5 cm ; 2.0 to 3.0 cm

Question 25

Dense fibrous capsule covering the testis

Answer 25

Tunica Albuginea

Question 26

Testis consists of 250 lobules made up of ____ that are the site of spermatozoa development

Answer 26

Seminiferous tubules

Question 27

The seminiferous tubules unite to form the ___, _____ and finally the _____, which exits the testis at the ______

Answer 27

Tubuli recti; the rete testes; efferent ductules; Mediastinum

Question 28

Endometrial thickness (in mm) of the following:
(defined by the added thickness of the anterior and posterior endometrium; any fluid or blood within the uterine cavity is excluded)
A. At the end of menstruation
B. Proliferative
C. Midcycle
D. Secretory
E. Post-Menopausal

(p.886)

Answer 28

A. 2-3 mm
B. 4-8 mm
C. 8-10 mm in double-layer thickness
D. 14 mm
E. does not exceed 5-7 mm in thickness
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