Genetics - Inheritance

Question 1

What is monohybrid inheritance?

Answer 1

The inheritance pattern on one gene

Question 2

Define genotype

Answer 2

A description of the alleles a person carries for a particular trait

Question 3

Define phenotype

Answer 3

The physical expression of a person’s genotype for a particular trait

Question 4

Define heterozygous

Answer 4

The genotype contains two different alleles

Question 5

Define homozygous

Answer 5

The genotype contains two of the same alleles

Question 6

Define dominant allele

Answer 6

The allele that will be expressed in the phenotype if at least one is present in the genotype

Question 7

Define recessive allele

Answer 7

The allele that will only be expressed in the phenotype if both are present in the genotype

Question 8

How can you determine if the genotype of an organism is homozygous dominant or heterozygous?

Answer 8

Carry out a back/test cross. Mate the unknown individual with a homozygous recessive individual and have lots of offpsring. If any of the offspring display the recessive phenotype then the unknown individual’s genotype was heterozygous. If none of the offspring show the recessive phenotype then the unknown parent was most likely to be homozygous dominant

Question 9

What name is given to a family tree that shows the inheritance pattern of a particular trait?

Answer 9

Pedigree chart