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Science NCEA Level 1 > Acids and Bases Physical Properties > Flashcards

Acids and Bases Physical Properties Flashcards

Physical Properties

1
Q

What is the formula of hydrochloric acid?

A

HCl

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2
Q

What is the formula of sulfuric acid?

A

H2SO4

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3
Q

What is the formula of nitric acid?

A

HNO3

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4
Q

What pH range do acids have?

A

Less than 7

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5
Q

What is the pH of neutral substances?

A

7

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6
Q

What pH range do bases/alkalis have?

A

Greater than 7

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7
Q

A strong acid has a pH range of what?

A

1-2

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8
Q

What colour does universal indicator turn in strong acids?

A

Red

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9
Q

A moderately string acid has a pH range of what?

A

3-5

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10
Q

What colour does universal indicator turn in moderately strong acids?

A

Orange

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11
Q

A weak acid has what pH?

A

6

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12
Q

What colour does universal indicator turn in a weak acid?

A

Yellow

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13
Q

What colour does a neutral substance turn universal indicator?

A

Green

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14
Q

A weak base/alkali has what pH range?

A

8-9

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15
Q

A moderately strong base/alkali has what pH range?

A

10-12

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16
Q

What colour does universal indicator turn in weak and moderately strong bases/alkalis?

17
Q

A strong base/alkali has what pH range?

18
Q

What colour does universal indicator turn in string bases/alkalis?

19
Q

pH measures the strength of an acid or a base/alkali by detecting the concentration of what two ions?

A

Hydrogen (H+) and Hydroxide (OH-) ions

20
Q

Describe the concentration of ions in a strong acid.

A

High concentration of H+ and a low concentration of OH-

21
Q

Describe the concentration of ions in a moderately strong acid.

A

Concentration of H+ ions is still higher than the concentration of OH- ions

22
Q

Describe the concentration of ions in a neutral substance.

A

The concentration of H+ and OH- ions is equal

23
Q

What is formed when an H+ ion and and OH- ion combine?

24
Q

Describe the concentration of ions in weak and moderately strong bases/alkalis.

A

The concentration of OH- ions is higher than H+ ions

25
Q

Describe the concentration of ions in strong bases/alkalis.

A

The concentration of OH- ions is high and H+ is low

26
Q

What colour does red and blue litmus turn in acids?

A

Red litmus stays red and blue litmus turns red

27
Q

What colour does red and blue litmus turn in bases?

A

Red litmus turns blue and blue litmus stays blue

28
Q

What colour does red and blue litmus turn in neutral substances?

A

Red litmus stays red and blue litmus stays blue

29
Q

Why is universal indicator a better indicator than litmus?

A

Universal indicator tells you the strength of the acid or base but litmus only tells you if it is an acid or base regardless of the strength.

30
Q

Bases are ionic compounds that end in what four negative ion names?

A

Oxides, Hydroxides, Carbonates and Hydrogen Carbonates

Science NCEA Level 1 (10 decks)

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