Genetics Flashcards
What is DNA
Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid
the chemical found in all living things that encodes the genetic information of an organism
What are Genes
segment of DNA molecules with a coded set of instructions. May determine the characteristics of an organism
Chromosomes
contain the DNA that carries genetic information
The difference between somatic and sex cells
somatic cells are cells of the body that are not sex cells
sex cells are cells involved in sexual reproduction
What are autosomes and sex chromosomes
autosomes are non sex chromosomes
sex chromosomes determine a gender
Homologous chromosomes
they are matching pairs of chromosomes
Karyotype
a picture showing the chromosoems present in a cell
Phenotype
the physical characteristics
Genotype
genetic instructions inherited from parents
Sex linked inheritance
an inherited trait coded for by genes located on sex chromosomes
Dominant
Refers to a trait that will only require one allele to be present for it to be hetrorozygous
Homozygous
having two identical alleles for a characteristic trait within the genotype (BB or bb)
Heterozygous
having two different alleles for a characteristic
Recessive
refers to a trait that will only be expressed in the absence of a dominant trait
