Earth and Space

Question 1

Constellations

Answer 1

a group of stars in the sky that take a particular shape

Question 2

The Big Bang theory

Answer 2

all matter was concentrated into a single point called a singularity. This began to enlarge rapidly in a hot explosion.

Question 3

Stars

Answer 3

a luminous ball of gas, mostly hydrogen and helium held together by its own gravity

Question 4

Galaxy

Answer 4

Group of stars attracted by gravitational forces

Question 5

Nebula

Answer 5

a cloud of dust and hydrogen atoms where stars are born

Question 6

Light year

Answer 6

the distance light travels in a year

Question 7

Nuclear fusion

Answer 7

the joining of nuclei of lighter elements to form another element

Question 8

Apparent magnitude

Answer 8

the brightness of a star as seen from earth

Question 9

Absolute magnitude

Answer 9

the actual brightness if a star

Question 10

Hertzspung-russell diagram

Answer 10

a plot of the characteristics of the stars. The more luminous a star is , the greater its diameter, and higher temperature

Question 11

Big Bang timeline

Answer 11

1. energy concentrated into a singularity
2. space was expanding quickly and temps were about 100 million trillion trillion degrees Celsius
3. electrons and positrons had formed, particles collide making huge amounts of electricity.
4. protons and neutrons have formed, the universe was bright
5. universe was the size of our solar system cooling rapidly
6. universe was a trillion trillion km across, it had cooled to 10 billion degrees
7. nuclei of hydrogen, helium and lithium had formed with a sea of electrons.
8. electrons had slowed down forming first atoms
9. stars and planets began to form
10. galaxies formed

Question 12

Steady state theory

Answer 12

There was no beginning of the universe it was always there