Genetics

Question 1

That one of a pair of alternative alleles whose effect is masked by the activity of the second when both are present in the same cell or organism.

Answer 1

Recessive

Question 2

Having identical pairs of genes for any given pair of hereditary characteristics. (RR, rr)

Answer 2

Homozygous

Question 3

Another name for homozygous.

Answer 3

Pure

Question 4

Having dissimilar pairs of genes for any hereditary characteristic. (Rr)

Answer 4

Heterozygous

Question 5

Another name for heterozygous.

Answer 5

Hybrid

Question 6

The genetic makeup of an organism or group of organisms with reference to a single trait, set of traits, or an entire complex of traits. (1:2:1) (1 RR, 2 Rr, 1rr)

Answer 6

Genotype

Question 7

The appearance of an organism resulting from the interaction of the genotype and the environment. (2:2) (2 white,dominant/ 2 red, recessive)

Answer 7

Phenotype

Question 8

The principle, originated by Gregor Mendel, stating that when two or more characteristics are inherited, individual hereditary factors assort independently during gamete production, giving different traits an equal opportunity of occurring together.

Answer 8

Law of Independent Assortment

Question 9

The principle, originated by Gregor Mendel, stating that during the production of gametes the two copies of each hereditary factor segregate so that offspring acquire one factor from each parent.

Answer 9

Law of Segregation

Question 10

States that one of the factors for a pair of inherited traits will be dominant and the other recessive, unless both factors are recessive.

Answer 10

Law of Dominance

Question 11

The one of a pair of alternative alleles that masks the effect of the other when both are present in the same cell or organism.

Answer 11

Dominant

Question 12

Any of several forms of a gene, usually arising through mutation, that are responsible for hereditary variation.

Answer 12

Allele