Genetics

Question 0

What’re Mendel’s main principles?

Answer 0

Inherited characteristics are determined by genes and passed from parent to offspring.
Some forms of genes may be dominant while others are recessive.
Two copies of each gene, one from each parent.

Question 1

Who was Gregor Mendel?

Answer 1

Austrian monk, “father of genetics”, studied pea plants

Question 2

What is the law of segregation?

Answer 2

Genes segregate from each other when gametes form.

Question 3

What is the law of independent assortment?

Answer 3

Alleles for different genes segregate independently from one another.

Question 4

Sex cell

Answer 4

Gamete

Question 5

Different form of a gene (dominant & recessive)

Answer 5

Allele

Question 6

Can cover over recessive allele (represented with capital letter)

Answer 6

Dominant

Question 7

Trait that can only be seen if dominant allele is not present (represented with lowercase letter)

Answer 7

Recessive

Question 8

2 identical alleles (TT or tt)

Answer 8

Homozygous

Question 9

2 different alleles (Tt)

Answer 9

Heterozygous

Question 10

Organism that carries the same alleles for a trait

Answer 10

Pure(bred)

Question 11

Organism that carries different alleles for a trait

Answer 11

Hybrid

Question 12

Physical characteristics

Answer 12

Phenotype

Question 13

Gene combination, what alleles the organism possesses.

Answer 13

Genotype

Question 14

Characteristics of organism

Answer 14

Trait

Question 15

Diagram used to determine probability of passing of traits

Answer 15

Punnett Square