Genetics

Question 1

Gregor Mendel

Answer 1

The father of genetics, discovered how traits are inherited

Question 2

Genes

Answer 2

the part of DNA that gets passed down, codes a trait

Question 3

Alleles

Answer 3

different forms of a gene

Question 4

Parent Generation

Answer 4

crossed true-breeding plants with different traits

Question 5

F1 Generation

Answer 5

offspring, first filial generation

Question 6

Dominate

Answer 6

the more likely trait to get passed down

Question 7

Recessive

Answer 7

the less likely trait to get passed down

Question 8

homozygous

Answer 8

same alleles

Question 9

heterozygous

Answer 9

different alleles

Question 10

genotype

Answer 10

what genes, letters, the organism has, the code

Question 11

phenotype

Answer 11

what it looks like, characteristics

Question 12

Punnett squares

Answer 12

used to predict the outcome of a cross

Question 13

monohybrid

Answer 13

a cross between two organisms with different variations at one genetic locus of interest, looking at 2 traits, 4 square punnet square

Question 14

Dihybri

Answer 14

a mating experiment between two organisms that are identically hybrid for two traits, 16 square punnet square. (FOIL)

Question 15

Incomplete dominance

Answer 15

neither are expressed, two different letters are used in the square to further emphasize that neither alleles are shown

Question 16

Codominance

Answer 16

both alleles are expressed

Question 17

Meiosis

Answer 17

the process of creating a gamete (sex cell) makes 4 different cells

Question 18

Meiosis - in what kind of cells

Answer 18

Occurs in the reproductive cells, has 2 division, Meiosis 1 & Meiosis 2

Question 19

Stages :

Answer 19

Prophase 1
Metaphase 1
Anaphase 1
Telophase 1
Cytokinesis 1
Prophase 2
Metaphase 2
Anaphase 2
Telophase 2
Cytokinesis 2

Question 20

Prophase 1

Answer 20

the chromosomes condense and DNA is traded between Chromosomes, crossing over

Question 21

Metaphase 1

Answer 21

pairs of homologous chromosomes move to the middle of the cell

Question 22

anaphase 1

Answer 22

homologous chromosomes move to the opposite poles of the cell

Question 23

telophase 1 & cytokinesis

Answer 23

chromosomes gather at the poles of the cells. The cytoplasm divides

Question 24

Prophase 2

Answer 24

chromosomes condense again, an new spindle forms around the chromosome

Question 25

metaphase 2

Answer 25

the chromosomes line up at the equator again

Question 26

anaphase 2

Answer 26

centrosomes divide, chromatids move to the opposite poles of the cells

Question 27

telophase 2 & cytokinesis

Answer 27

a nucleus forms around each set of chromosomes, the cytoplasm divides

Question 28

F2 Generation

Answer 28

the offspring of the offspring from the parent generation

Question 29

FOIL - Punnett squares

Answer 29

first, outside, inside, last

Question 30

Primase

Answer 30

starts the building