Genetics Flashcards
what are monozygotic twins
identical - signal egg splits into 2 post fertilisation
what are dizgotic twins
2 separate fertilised eggs, 2 different sperm so 50% of genes are shared
how many chromosomes are inherited from parents
23 from father, 23 from mother
what is an allele
a small section on a specific gene (at least 2 for every gene)
what is homozygous
same allele from both parents
what is the dominant allele
the one that results in phenotype
what is heterozygous
two alleles - one dominant, one recessive
what is genotype
the coded genes
what is phenotype
the dominant code/allele of a genotype
what is complete dominance
when only one allele from the genotype is expressed in the phenotype
what is co-dominant
both allele traits show up in the phenotype
what is incomplete dominance
the alleles mix together
what is the hardy weinberg principle
(p+q)^2 = p^2 + 2pq + q^2
