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Bio > Cells > Flashcards

Cells Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is the outer layer of the cell

A

cell membrane

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2
Q

what is semi-permiable

A

cell membrane - decides what goes in / out

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3
Q

what is hydrophilic

A

water loving - phosphate head

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4
Q

what is amphipathic

A

molecule with both hydrophobic & hydrophilic sections

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5
Q

can charged molecules e.g. Cl, Na, amino acids pass through cell membrane

A

no

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6
Q

can ethanol (small and polar) pass through the cell membrane

A

yes

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7
Q

what do cell proteins do

A

transfer messages/receptors & transport molecules in & out of the membrane

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8
Q

what needs to be ensured/can go wrong and lead to disease during cell division

A

each new cell should get a perfect full copy of the genetic material

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9
Q

what does dna contain

A

nucleotides organised by gene

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10
Q

what do genes do

A

provide instructions for making proteins

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11
Q

what is a genome

A

a cells set of dna

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12
Q

what is a chromosome

A

chains of dna that are wrapped tightly around each other

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13
Q

what is a chromatin

A

dna + structural proteins e.g. histones

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14
Q

what is a chromatid

A

multiple in a chromosome

when separate they are two different chromosomes

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15
Q

what are histones

A

proteins

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16
Q

is O extremely electronegative

A

yes

17
Q

what is a hydrogen bond? are they stronger than covalent bonds

A

not stronger, weaker

occurs when partially negative side (O) of h2o is attracted to another h2o molecule’s partially positive side (H)

18
Q

what is a meniscus

A

a formation of water molecules in a glass

19
Q

what is a concave meniscus

A

water’s partial positive charge being attracted to glass (silicone molecule’s) partial negative charge

20
Q

can we have a convex meniscus

A

yes, mercury will have a hump in the middle

21
Q

why is water a good solvent

A

it’s polar

Bio (6 decks)

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