Genetics Flashcards
Homologous Chromosomes
carry the same genes.
DNA
Blueprint for all living things.
Centromere
Constricted region of a chromosome, helps the cell divide up its DNA during division.
Heterozygous
Two different Alleles
Homozygous
Two of the same alleles
Genotype
The types of genes(alleles) that are present
Phenotype
what the gene looks like.
Chromosome
Made up of genes, which are made up of DNA.
Genes
Code for making protein.
dominant
A gene is dominant when it out rules the other (recessive)
recessive
traits that are covered up.
pedigree symbol
Square: Boy, Circle: Girl
karyotype
Individuals complete set of chromosomes.
sex chromosomes
X and Y chromosomes
autosomes
any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.
co-dominant
No gene is dominant over the other, and both genes are expressed.
incomplete inheritance
No gene is dominant over the other, no capital letters are used.
sex-linked inheritance
sex is inherited through the sex chromosomes, which are X and Y chromosomes.
male sex chromosomes
XY
female sex chromosomes
XX
alleles
different forms of (a characteristic) the same gene
