Genetic Variations in Populations Flashcards

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1
Q

population genetics is study of…

A

genetic variation in population and frequency of allele and genotypes are maintained or changed over time in a population

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2
Q

how to calculate genotype frequency and allele frequency

A

counting alleles

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3
Q

what is a gene pool

A

collection of alleles of an entire population

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4
Q

the hardy weinbergy law applies to what genetics

A

autosomal loci and X chromosomes in females, not X linked loci in males who only have 1 X chromosome

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5
Q

What are the 3 assumptions of Hardy Weinberg Law

A
  1. population large and mating random
  2. no new mutations
  3. no selection against particular genotypes
  4. no significant immigration of individuals
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6
Q

PKU affects appro. how many people

A

1/4500 irish people

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7
Q

what does Hardy Weingberg not address

A
  1. allele frequency different in populations
  2. some mutant alleles are clearly deleterious
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8
Q

Factors that affect HWE

A

mating is random, allele frequency does not change over time, interaction of genetic drift

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9
Q

What deviations causes Hardy-Weinberg Disequilibrum

A

changes in allele frequency due to mutation, selection or migration

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10
Q

Hardy-Weinberg Disequilibrum is

A

allele and its associated genotype are not in equilibrium

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11
Q

how is Hardy-Weinberg Disequilibrum useful

A

provides clues about pathogenesis or point to historical events that affected allele frequency

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12
Q

What factors cause Hardy-Weinberg Disequilibrum

A

population stratitifaction, assortative mating, consanguinity and inbreeding

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13
Q

what is ancestory informative markers

A

large differences in allele frequency among populations

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