Genetic transfer in prokaryotes Flashcards
what are the two types of gene transfer
horizontal gene transfer
vertical gene transfer
what are the 3 method of horizontal gene transfer
transformation
transduction
conjugation
what is vertical gene transfer
genetic information is passed down from the parent cell to its daughter cells
what is the process of transformation
the uptake of free genetic material from the environment.
what is bacterial competence
a cells ability to uptake genetic information through transformation. only a few species are naturally competent
how are cells made to be more competent in a lab
through chemical treatment followed by heat shock
exposure to brief high voltage (electroporation)
what is transduction
when bacterial information is moved between cells by vectors. This is usually done by bacterial viruses.
how can a virus transfer DNA between bacteria
Specialised transduction
general transduction
what is specialised transduction
