Eukaryotic microbiology

Question 1

where do we think mitochondria came from

Answer 1

a endosymbiosis with the bacteria alphaproteobacteria

Question 2

where do we think chloroplasts came from

Answer 2

an endosymbiosis event with cyanobacteria

Question 3

what eukaryote keeps the primary producers regulated in an aquatic environment

Answer 3

dianoflagelates and ciliates consume 60% of microbes

Question 4

how widespread are eukaryotes

Answer 4

found in every environment, but they are not as extreme as archea or bacteria.

Question 5

what are sparotrophes

Answer 5

organisms that digest decayed material extracellularly. Fungi are saprotrohes

Question 6

how do dinoflagellates consume bacteria

Answer 6

carbon is fixed into a mucousphere which attracts bacteria. the bacteria then get trapped in the mucousphere and are digested by phagocytosis

Question 7

what is myzocytosis

Answer 7

when a cell sucks the cytoplasm out of another cell to digest its nutrients. The switch from phagocytosis to myzocytosis was caused by multicellular structures growing too big to engulf.

Question 8

what ecosystem functions do Eukaryotic microbes perform

Answer 8

-phototrophs like algae and diatoms are large primary producers and release O2
-The regulation of phototrophic Euks and soil bacteria is managed by cilates and dinoflagellates
-fungi are key decomposers
-lots of symbiosis events
-the breakdown and release of organics for other microbes

Question 9

what microbe is responsible for the degradation of wood in termites

Answer 9

flagginates

Question 10

what is Abruscular Mycorrhiza

Answer 10

a fungi that connects the roots of many plants together making them important to plant health. they exchange metabolites with the plants, most notably polyphosphate granuals which are needed for the intake of NH3