Genetic Terms

Question 1

Chromosome

Answer 1

a nuclear structure that carries genes in a linear, constant order

Question 2

Transcription

Answer 2

Transfer of genetic information from DNA into an RNA molecule

Question 3

Translation

Answer 3

conversion of the information in RNA into a protein

Question 4

Codon

Answer 4

a three-nucleotide sequence in mRNA that specifics a particular amino acid or termination signal

Question 5

Order of these stages

Answer 5

DNA sequence -> RNA sequence -> amino acid sequence = protein (enzyme) (enzymes facilitate the traits)

Question 6

Somatic Cells

Answer 6

Body Cells

Question 7

Gametes

Answer 7

have half the chromosome complement of somatic cells

Question 8

Homogeneous Chromosome

Answer 8

a chromosome that is a member of a distinct morphological pair

Question 9

Locus

Answer 9

the position of a particular gene of a chromosome

Question 10

Allele

Answer 10

“the alternative gene” one version of a gene at a given locus of homogeneous chromosomes

Question 11

Heterozygous

Answer 11

having unlike alleles— different versions of a gene for a trait on homogeneous chromosomes

Question 12

Genome

Answer 12

a set of chromosomes that contains a locus for all the plants characteristics

Question 13

Polyploid

Answer 13

have more then two sets of homogeneous chromosomes in somatic cells